Browsing by Keyword "infrastructure"
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Item A framework for risk assessment(Elsevier, 2023-01-01) Quesada-Ganuza, Laura; Garmendia, Leire; Gandini, Alessandra; LABORATORIO DE TRANSFORMACIÓN URBANAClimate change is predicted to provoke a significant change in weather patterns and an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events that will test the vulnerability and resilience of the built environment. Therefore the adaptation of the buildings and infrastructures to the challenges presented by climate change becomes paramount for future sustainable conservation and development. The complexity of the interactions among the built system and the multiple and varied drivers of climate change highlights the need for a holistic and operative framework for assessing complex risks derived from climate change. A better understanding of these interactions and the factors that increase the vulnerability of the built environment is needed, including the capacity of adaptation and mitigation effectiveness of solutions and responses. This will support the subsequent design of interventions for a resilient built environment. With this goal in mind, this chapter aims to set the base for the framework of a holistic risk assessment. This chapter is divided into two main sections. The first one starts by introducing and reviewing basic concepts about climate change risk assessment, with a general outlook into risk assessment frameworks. The second section continues with the presentation of the main risks derived from climate change hazards, both direct and systemic, and the aspects of the built environment to be considered for a holistic risk assessment, mainly based on the new Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change Sixth Assessment Report. This chapter concludes with a final reflection into the inclusion of responses to climate change and solutions for adaptation as part risk assessment frameworks and the relevance of complex risk within those frameworks.Item Towards holistic power distribution system validation and testing—an overview and discussion of different possibilities(2017-02-01) Strasser, Thomas; Pröstl Andrén, Filip; Lauss, Georg; Bründlinger, Roland; Brunner, Helfried; Moyo, Cyndi; Seitl, Christian; Rohjans, Sebastian; Lehnhoff, Sebastian; Palensky, Peter; Kotsampopoulos, Panos; Hatziargyriou, Nikos; Arnold, Gunter; Heckmann, Wolfram; Jong, Erik; Verga, Maurizio; Franchioni, Giorgio; Martini, Luciano; Kosek, Anna; Gehrke, Oliver; Bindner, Henrik; Coffele, Federico; Burt, Graeme; Calin, Mihai; Rodriguez-Seco, Emilio; POWER SYSTEMSRenewable energy sources are key enablers to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and to cope with the anthropogenic global warming. Their intermittent behaviour and limited storage capabilities present challenges to power system operators in maintaining the high level of power quality and reliability. However, the increased availability of advanced automation and communication technologies has provided new intelligent solutions to face these challenges. Previous work has presented various new methods to operate highly interconnected power grids with corresponding components in a more effective way. As a consequence of these developments the traditional power system is transformed into a cyber-physical system, a smart grid. Previous and ongoing research activities have mainly focused on validating certain aspects of smart grids, but until now no integrated approach for analysing and evaluating complex configurations in a cyber-physical systems manner is available. This paper tackles this issue and addresses system validation approaches for smart grids. Different approaches for different stages in the design, development, and roll-out phase of smart grid solutions and components are discussed. Finally, future research directions are analysed.