Browsing by Keyword "climate change"
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Item Adopting Resilience Thinking through Nature-Based Solutions within Urban Planning: A Case Study in the City of València(2023-05) García-Blanco, Gemma; Navarro, Daniel; Feliu, Efren; ADAPTACIÓN AL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICOThe paper exposes the experience of València in applying climate-resilient thinking to the current revision of the city’s General Urban Development Plan. A semi-quantitative, indicator-based risk assessment of heat stress was carried out on the 23 functional areas of the city sectorized by the Plan, including modeling and spatial analysis exercises. A data model of 18 indicators was built to characterize vulnerability. A thermal stress map was developed using the URbCLim model and a heat index was then calculated using Copernicus hourly data (air temperature, humidity, and wind speed) for the period of January 2008–December 2017 at a spatial resolution of 100 m × 100 m. General recommendations at the city level as well as guidelines for development planning in the functional areas at risk are provided, with specifications for the deployment of nature-based solutions as adaptation measures. From a planning perspective, the study positively informs the General Urban Development Plan, the City Green and Biodiversity Plan, and contributes to City Urban Strategy 2030 and City Missions 2030 for climate adaptation and neutrality. Applying the same approach to other climate change-related hazards (i.e., water scarcity, pluvial flooding, sea level rise) will allow better informed decisions towards resilient urban planning.Item A framework for risk assessment(Elsevier, 2023-01-01) Quesada-Ganuza, Laura; Garmendia, Leire; Gandini, Alessandra; LABORATORIO DE TRANSFORMACIÓN URBANAClimate change is predicted to provoke a significant change in weather patterns and an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme events that will test the vulnerability and resilience of the built environment. Therefore the adaptation of the buildings and infrastructures to the challenges presented by climate change becomes paramount for future sustainable conservation and development. The complexity of the interactions among the built system and the multiple and varied drivers of climate change highlights the need for a holistic and operative framework for assessing complex risks derived from climate change. A better understanding of these interactions and the factors that increase the vulnerability of the built environment is needed, including the capacity of adaptation and mitigation effectiveness of solutions and responses. This will support the subsequent design of interventions for a resilient built environment. With this goal in mind, this chapter aims to set the base for the framework of a holistic risk assessment. This chapter is divided into two main sections. The first one starts by introducing and reviewing basic concepts about climate change risk assessment, with a general outlook into risk assessment frameworks. The second section continues with the presentation of the main risks derived from climate change hazards, both direct and systemic, and the aspects of the built environment to be considered for a holistic risk assessment, mainly based on the new Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change Sixth Assessment Report. This chapter concludes with a final reflection into the inclusion of responses to climate change and solutions for adaptation as part risk assessment frameworks and the relevance of complex risk within those frameworks.Item Urban thermal comfort: proposed questionnaire to evaluate its social perception (Q-CTUp) / Confort térmico urbano: propuesta de un cuestionario para medir su percepción social (Q-CTUp)(2014-09-02) Herranz-Pascual, Karmele; CALIDAD Y CONFORT AMBIENTALThe aim of this paper is to design and validate a questionnaire to evaluate, from the perspective of the pedestrian, urban thermal comfort, as a specific case of environmental experience. The information gathered through the questionnaire could complement microclimate measurements, which in themselves are insufficient to predict the comfort of people in open urban spaces. The consideration of both perspectives will give better support to technicians and managers in urban planning to cope with twenty-first century challenges related to climate change and planet urbanization. The questionnaire was validated by means of a climate action campaign, in which it was applied to a large representative sample of users of an urban environment. The results indicate that the questionnaire has proved valid to evaluate the urban thermal comfort of pedestrians, which depends more on the variables pertaining to the person and the activity than on objective microclimatic parameters. However, the authors feel the need for further progress in this new field.