Browsing by Keyword "Membrane reactors"
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Item Advances on high temperature Pd-based membranes and membrane reactors for hydrogen purifcation and production(2017-06-01) Gallucci, F.; Medrano, J. A.; Fernandez, E.; Melendez, J.; Van Sint Annaland, M.; Pacheco-Tanaka, D. A.; TECNOLOGÍAS DE HIDRÓGENO; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; TECNOLOGÍA DE MEMBRANAS E INTENSIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOSMembrane technology applied in the chemical and energy industry has the potential to overcome many drawbacks of conventional technologies such as the need of large volume plants and large CO2 emissions. Recently, it has been reported that this technology might become more competitive when operated at high temperatures. This is mostly associated with the required of heat integration at large scale. However, good membrane stability combined with high permeation rates and high perm-selectivities, has only been achieved at intermediate/low temperatures (< 500 °C). When operated at these lower temperatures in a fully integrated plant, there is often the need of electricity import, which strongly decreases the process efciency and renders the membrane-based technology less competitive compared to conventional technologies. To improve the competitiveness of membrane technology further developments are required, demanding in particular an improvement in the preparation methods, the use of new materials and/or the development of novel reactor confgurations. In this study, a comprehensive review on the latest advancements in membrane technology for H2 separation at high temperature is presented. Special attention is given to the membranes prepared and presented in the literature in the last years for high-temperature applications, as well as the different membrane reactor confgurations that have proposed, tested and evaluated for different reaction systems at elevated temperatures. Since concerns about the need of high temperatures in membrane technology are relatively new, this review is limited to the results reported in the literature during the last fve years.Item Catalytic Reactors with Membrane Separation(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015-11-12) Gallucci, Fausto; Zuniga, Jon; TECNOLOGÍA DE MEMBRANAS E INTENSIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOSThe combination of membrane separation and catalytic reactors in the so-called membrane reactor concept provides a high degree of process integration that results in substantial process intensification. In particular, combining perovskite-based membranes in membrane reactors can provide great benefits for many reaction systems including hydrogen production or ethylene production. In this chapter, the membrane reactor concept will be first highlighted and a few examples of perovskite-based membrane reactors will be discussed.Item Development of thin Pd-Ag supported membranes for fluidized bed membrane reactors including WGS related gases(2015-03-02) Fernandez, Ekain; Helmi, Arash; Coenen, Kai; Melendez, Jon; Viviente, Jose Luis; Pacheco Tanaka, David Alfredo; Van Sint Annaland, Martin; Gallucci, Fausto; TECNOLOGÍAS DE HIDRÓGENO; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; TECNOLOGÍA DE MEMBRANAS E INTENSIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOSThis paper reports the preparation, characterization and stability tests of Pd-based thin membranes for fluidized bed membrane reactor applications. Various thin membranes have been prepared by simultaneous Pd-Ag electroless plating. A simple technique for sealing of the produced membranes is reported and discussed. The membranes have been characterized for single gas permeation, and afterwards used for permeation of mixtures of gases and under fluidization conditions. The membranes have shown very high permeation rates and perm-selectivity when used as permeators. When applied in fluidized bed reactors it has been found that the membranes are stable as long as no interaction between the fluidization catalyst and the membrane surface occurs. For some catalysts a strong chemical interaction between the catalyst and the membrane surface has been observed which caused a drastic decrease in the membrane flux.Item Long-Term Stability of Thin-Film Pd-Based Supported Membranes(2019-02-01) Nooijer, Niek; Arratibel Plazaola, Alba; Meléndez Rey, Jon; Fernandez, Ekain; Pacheco Tanaka, David; Sint Annaland, Martin; Gallucci, Fausto; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; TECNOLOGÍA DE MEMBRANAS E INTENSIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOS; TECNOLOGÍAS DE HIDRÓGENOMembrane reactors have demonstrated a large potential for the production of hydrogen via reforming of different feedstocks in comparison with other reactor types. However, the long-term performance and stability of the applied membranes are extremely important for the possible industrial exploitation of these reactors. This study investigates the long-term stability of thin-film Pd-Ag membranes supported on porous Al2O3 supports. The stability of five similarly prepared membranes have been investigated for 2650 h, up to 600 °C and in fluidized bed conditions. Results show the importance and the contribution of the sealing of the membranes at temperatures up to 500 °C. At higher temperatures the membranes surface deformation results in pinhole formation and a consequent decrease in selectivity. Stable operation of the membranes in a fluidized bed is observed up to 450 °C, however, at higher temperatures the scouring action of the particles under fluidization causes significant deformation of the palladium surface resulting in a decreased selectivity.Item Membrane reactors for autothermal reforming of methane, methanol, and ethanol(Elsevier Inc., 2015-02-05) Arratibel, A.; Tanaka, D. A.Pacheco; van Sint Annaland, M.; Gallucci, F.; TECNOLOGÍA DE MEMBRANAS E INTENSIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOSThis chapter discusses the application of membrane reactors for hydrogen production through autothermal reforming (ATR) reactions, with particular attention to the ATR of methane as fossil fuel and methanol and ethanol as biofuels. First the concept of ATR is explained, the catalysts used for such reactions are reported, and the traditional reactors are discussed. Afterwards, the membrane reactor concepts are discussed, and two possible configurations, namely the fluidized bed and the packed bed configuration, are discussed and compared. Modeling aspects of both reactors are introduced. Finally, the recent advances in membrane reactors for these reactions and future trends are discussed in the chapter.Item An overview of some recent european projects on metallic membranes(Elsevier, 2020-01-08) Viviente Sole, J. L.; Pacheco Tanaka, D. A.; Medrano, J. A.; Gallucci, Fausto; TECNOLOGÍA DE MEMBRANAS E INTENSIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOSMetallic membranes and membrane reactors have become very popular tools for several process intensification strategies. This is being well recognized at European level, where several projects have been granted in the course of the last three Framework Programs on both membranes as separation tools and especially membrane reactors as process integration tools. This chapter, although not exhaustive (especially because of confidentiality issues), gives a good overview of the recent results of several EU-funded projects. It is worth noting that, apart from these projects, each country has also granted research projects on membrane reactors. These are not discussed in this chapter, although many results have already been reported in other chapters.Item Process intensification via membrane reactors, the DEMCAMER project(2016-06-01) Gallucci, Fausto; Medrano, Jose Antonio; Roses, Leonardo; Brunetti, Adele; Barbieri, Giuseppe; Viviente, Jose Luis; TECNOLOGÍA DE MEMBRANAS E INTENSIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOSThis paper reports the findings of a FP7 project (DEMCAMER) that developed materials (catalysts and membranes) and new processes for four industrially relevant reaction processes. In this project, active, stable, and selective catalysts were developed for the reaction systems of interest and their production scaled up to kg scale (TRL5 (TRL: Technology Readiness Level)). Simultaneously, new membranes for gas separation were developed; in particular, dense supported thin palladium-based membranes for hydrogen separation from reactive mixtures. These membranes were successfully scaled up to TRL4 and used in various lab-scale reactors for water gas shift (WGS), using both packed bed and fluidized bed reactors, and Fischer-Tropsch (FTS) using packed bed reactors and in prototype reactors for WGS and FTS. Mixed ionic-electronic conducting membranes in capillary form were also developed for high temperature oxygen separation from air. These membranes can be used for both Autothermal Reforming (ATR) and Oxidative Coupling of Methane (OCM) reaction systems to increase the efficiency and the yield of the processes. The production of these membranes was scaled up to TRL3-4. The project also developed adequate sealing techniques to be able to integrate the different membranes in lab-scale and prototype reactors.