Liang, GaowenTafti, Hossein DehghaniFarivar, Glen G.Pou, JosepTownsend, Christopher D.Konstantinou, GeorgiosCeballos, Salvador2024-07-242024-07-242021-03Liang , G , Tafti , H D , Farivar , G G , Pou , J , Townsend , C D , Konstantinou , G & Ceballos , S 2021 , ' Analytical Derivation of Intersubmodule Active Power Disparity Limits in Modular Multilevel Converter-Based Battery Energy Storage Systems ' , IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics , vol. 36 , no. 3 , 9160892 , pp. 2864-2874 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2020.30147390885-8993https://hdl.handle.net/11556/4259Publisher Copyright: © 1986-2012 IEEE.Due to a dramatic increase in grid-connected renewable energy resources, energy storage systems are interesting and important for future power systems, among which the modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are one of the most modular, efficient, and flexible topologies. Uneven active power distribution among submodules (SMs) in the arms of an MMC-based BESS is necessary for certain applications. The main contribution of this article is to present a general analysis of the inter-SM active power disparity problem which incorporates the inherent operational constraints of the MMC converter. An analytical method to derive inter-SM active power disparity limits is introduced. The proposed analysis can help facilitate the design of MMC-based BESS for applications such as recycled batteries and hybrid battery chemistries, which can both require significant inter-SM active power disparity. The analysis formulates a criteria vector and criterion value that describes whether an MMC-based BESS is capable of supplying demanded output powers while subject to inter-SM active power disparity. Simulation and experimental results are obtained on a single-phase system with varying numbers of SMs per arm, which verifies the feasibility and generality of the proposed analytical method.11enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessjournal article10.1109/TPEL.2020.3014739Active power disparitybattery energy storage system (BESS)modular multilevel converter (MMC)operation limitElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energyhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85095720419&partnerID=8YFLogxK