Cicuéndez, MónicaCasarrubios, LauraFeito, María JoséMadarieta, IratxeGarcia-Urkia, NereaMurua, OlatzOlalde, BeatrizBriz, NereaDiez-Orejas, RosalíaPortolés, María Teresa2021-04-08Cicuéndez , M , Casarrubios , L , Feito , M J , Madarieta , I , Garcia-Urkia , N , Murua , O , Olalde , B , Briz , N , Diez-Orejas , R & Portolés , M T 2021 , ' Effects of Human and Porcine Adipose Extracellular Matrices Decellularized by Enzymatic or Chemical Methods on Macrophage Polarization and Immunocompetence ' , International Journal of Molecular Sciences , vol. 22 , no. 8 , 3847 , pp. 3847 . https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms220838471661-6596researchoutputwizard: 11556/1115Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.The decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) obtained from human and porcine adipose tissue (AT) is currently used to prepare regenerative medicine bio-scaffolds. However, the influence of these natural biomaterials on host immune response is not yet deeply understood. Since macrophages play a key role in the inflammation/healing processes due to their high functional plasticity between M1 and M2 phenotypes, the evaluation of their response to decellularized ECM is mandatory. It is also necessary to analyze the immunocompetence of macrophages after contact with decellularized ECM materials to assess their functional role in a possible infection scenario. In this work, we studied the effect of four decellularized adipose matrices (DAMs) obtained from human and porcine AT by enzymatic or chemical methods on macrophage phenotypes and fungal phagocytosis. First, a thorough biochemical characterization of these biomaterials by quantification of remnant DNA, lipids, and proteins was performed, thus indicating the efficiency and reliability of both methods. The proteomic analysis evidenced that some proteins are differentially preserved depending on both the AT origin and the decellularization method employed. After exposure to the four DAMs, specific markers of M1 proinflammatory and M2 anti-inflammatory macrophages were analyzed. Porcine DAMs favor the M2 phenotype, independently of the decellularization method employed. Finally, a sensitive fungal phagocytosis assay allowed us to relate the macrophage phagocytosis capability with specific proteins differentially preserved in certain DAMs. The results obtained in this study highlight the close relationship between the ECM biochemical composition and the macrophage’s functional role.15396732enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessjournal article10.3390/ijms22083847Extracellular matrixDecellularizationMacrophageImmunocompetencePhagocytosisExtracellular matrixDecellularizationMacrophageImmunocompetencePhagocytosisCatalysisMolecular BiologySpectroscopyComputer Science ApplicationsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryOrganic ChemistryInorganic ChemistryProject IDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/829060/EU/A STEP FORWARD TO SPINAL CORD INJURY REPAIR USING INNOVATIVE STIMULATED NANOENGINEERED SCAFFOLDS/NeuroStimSpinalinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/829060/EU/A STEP FORWARD TO SPINAL CORD INJURY REPAIR USING INNOVATIVE STIMULATED NANOENGINEERED SCAFFOLDS/NeuroStimSpinalFunding InfoThis work has been supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2020, NeuroStimSpinal Project, Grant Agreement No. 829060). M.C. acknowledges the European Union0s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme for her contract under the NeuroStimSpinal Project. LC is grateful to the Universidad Complutense de Madrid for an UCM fellowship.This work has been supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (H2020-FETOPEN-2018-2020, NeuroStimSpinal Project, Grant Agreement No. 829060). M.C. acknowledges the European Union0s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme for her contract under the NeuroStimSpinal Project. LC is grateful to the Universidad Complutense de Madrid for an UCM fellowship.http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103826520&partnerID=8YFLogxK