Laña, IbaiDel Ser, JavierPadró, AlesVélez, ManuelCasanova-Mateo, Carlos2016-11-01Laña , I , Del Ser , J , Padró , A , Vélez , M & Casanova-Mateo , C 2016 , ' The role of local urban traffic and meteorological conditions in air pollution: A data-based case study in Madrid, Spain : A data-based case study in Madrid, Spain ' , Atmospheric Environment , vol. 145 , pp. 424-438 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.09.0521352-2310researchoutputwizard: 11556/350Publisher Copyright: © 2016 Elsevier LtdUrban air pollution is a matter of growing concern for both public administrations and citizens. Road traffic is one of the main sources of air pollutants, though topography characteristics and meteorological conditions can make pollution levels increase or diminish dramatically. In this context an upsurge of research has been conducted towards functionally linking variables of such domains to measured pollution data, with studies dealing with up to one-hour resolution meteorological data. However, the majority of such reported contributions do not deal with traffic data or, at most, simulate traffic conditions jointly with the consideration of different topographical features. The aim of this study is to further explore this relationship by using high-resolution real traffic data. This paper describes a methodology based on the construction of regression models to predict levels of different pollutants (i.e. CO, NO, NO2, O3 and PM10) based on traffic data and meteorological conditions, from which an estimation of the predictive relevance (importance) of each utilized feature can be estimated by virtue of their particular training procedure. The study was made with one hour resolution meteorological, traffic and pollution historic data in roadside and background locations of the city of Madrid (Spain) captured over 2015. The obtained results reveal that the impact of vehicular emissions on the pollution levels is overshadowed by the effects of stable meteorological conditions of this city.155721423enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessjournal article10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.09.052Urban air pollutionTraffic flowMeteorological conditionsSupervised learningRandom forestsUrban air pollutionTraffic flowMeteorological conditionsSupervised learningRandom forestsGeneral Environmental ScienceAtmospheric ScienceSDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesFunding InfoThis work has been funded in part by the Basque Government under the ELKARTEK program (BID3A project, grant ref. KK-2015/0000080).This work has been funded in part by the Basque Government under the ELKARTEK program (BID3A project, grant ref. KK-2015/0000080).http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84989201367&partnerID=8YFLogxK