RT Journal Article T1 Bioinspired Computational Intelligence and Transportation Systems: A Long Road Ahead A1 Del Ser, Javier A1 Osaba, Eneko A1 Sanchez-Medina, Javier A1 Fister, Iztok A1 Fister, Iztok AB This paper capitalizes on the increasingly high relevance gained by data-intensive technologies in the development of intelligent transportation system, which calls for the progressive adoption of adaptive, self-learning methods for solving modeling, simulation, and optimization problems. In this regard, certain mechanisms and processes observed in nature, including the animal brain, have proved themselves to excel not only in terms of efficiently capturing time-evolving stimuli, but also at undertaking complex tasks by virtue of mechanisms that can be extrapolated to computer algorithms and methods. This paper comprehensively reviews the state-of-The-Art around the application of bioinspired methods to the challenges arising in the broad field of intelligent transportation system (ITS). This systematic survey is complemented by an initiatory taxonomic introduction to bioinspired computational intelligence, along with the basics of its constituent techniques. A focus is placed on which research niches are still unexplored by the community in different ITS subareas. The open issues and research directions for the practical implementation of ITS endowed with bioinspired computational intelligence are also discussed in detail. SN 1524-9050 YR 2020 FD 2020-02 LA eng NO Del Ser , J , Osaba , E , Sanchez-Medina , J , Fister , I & Fister , I 2020 , ' Bioinspired Computational Intelligence and Transportation Systems : A Long Road Ahead ' , IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems , vol. 21 , no. 2 , 8661647 , pp. 466-495 . https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2019.2897377 NO Publisher Copyright: © 2000-2011 IEEE. NO Manuscript received April 20, 2018; revised October 24, 2018 and December 16, 2018; accepted January 31, 2019. Date of publication March 6, 2019; date of current version February 3, 2020. The work of J. Del Ser and E. Osaba was supported by the Basque Government through the EMAITEK Program. The work of I. Fister, Jr., and I. Fister was supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (Computer Systems, Methodologies and Intelligent Services) under Grant P2-0057 and Grant P2-0041. The Associate Editor for this paper was Y. Lv. (Corresponding author: Javier Del Ser.) J. Del Ser is with TECNALIA, 48160 Derio, Spain, also with the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain, and also with the Basque Center for Applied Mathematics, 48009 Bilbao, Spain (e-mail: javier.delser@tecnalia.com). DS TECNALIA Publications RD 28 jul 2024