RT Journal Article T1 A Characterization of European Collective Action Initiatives and Their Role as Enablers of Citizens’ Participation in the Energy Transition A1 Lupi, Veronica A1 Candelise, Chiara A1 Calull, Merce Almuni A1 Delvaux, Sarah A1 Valkering, Pieter A1 Hubert, Wit A1 Sciullo, Alessandro A1 Ivask, Nele A1 van der Waal, Esther A1 Iturriza, Izaskun Jimenez A1 Paci, Daniele A1 Della Valle, Nives A1 Koukoufikis, Giorgos A1 Dunlop, Tessa AB This paper provides novel additional evidence on the characteristics of Collective Action Initiatives (CAIs), investigating their role within the European energy sector. It analyses and presents results of a survey administered in six European countries: the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Poland, Estonia, and Spain. CAIs are studied in light of four key dimensions, those being their creation dynamics, the way they are organized, financed, and the activities they undertake. The results presented are also interpreted to reflect on their role as drivers of social innovation (SI) within energy transition in Europe. The analysis shows that the contribution of CAIs to the energy transition has a much wider scope than the development of energy projects and provision of energy services. CAIs are intrinsically socially innovative models of implementation as characterised by a strong level of citizen involvement and participation. Moreover, they have a potential multi-level role in the energy transition, from the technological and social perspectives. Indeed, alongside traditional energy activities, our results show that CAIs are evolving and expanding towards socially innovative activities, raising awareness on environmental issues, promoting citizens’ mobilization, and fostering social inclusion. SN 1996-1073 YR 2021 FD 2021-12-14 LA eng NO Lupi , V , Candelise , C , Calull , M A , Delvaux , S , Valkering , P , Hubert , W , Sciullo , A , Ivask , N , van der Waal , E , Iturriza , I J , Paci , D , Della Valle , N , Koukoufikis , G & Dunlop , T 2021 , ' A Characterization of European Collective Action Initiatives and Their Role as Enablers of Citizens’ Participation in the Energy Transition ' , Energies , vol. 14 , no. 24 , 8452 , pp. 8452 . https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248452 NO Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. DS TECNALIA Publications RD 1 jul 2024