Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe

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dc.contributor.authorEguiarte, Olaia
dc.contributor.authorGarrido-Marijuán, Antonio
dc.contributor.authorde Agustín-Camacho, Pablo
dc.contributor.authordel Portillo, Luis
dc.contributor.authorRomero-Amorrortu, Ander
dc.contributor.institutionTecnalia Research & Innovation
dc.contributor.institutionEDIFICACIÓN DE ENERGÍA POSITIVA
dc.contributor.institutionLABORATORIO DE TRANSFORMACIÓN URBANA
dc.date.issued2020-08-01
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
dc.description.abstractHeat pumps (HP) are an efficient alternative to non-electric heating systems (NEHS), being a cost-effective mean to support European building sector decarbonization. The paper studies HP and NEHS performance in residential buildings, under different climate conditions and energy tariffs, in six different European countries. Furthermore, a primary energy and environmental analysis is performed to evaluate if the use of HPs is more convenient than NEHS, based on different factors of the electric mix in each country. A specific HP model is developed considering the main physical phenomena occurring along its cycle. Open data from building, climatic and economic sources are used to feed the analysis. Ad hoc primary energy factors and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission coefficients are calculated for the selected countries. The costs and the environmental impact for both heating systems are then compared. The outcomes of the study suggest that, in highly fossil fuels dependent electricity mixes, the use of NEHS represents a more efficient decarbonization approach than HP, in spite of its higher efficiency. Additionally, the actual high price of the electric kWh hampers the use of HP in certain cases.en
dc.description.statusPeer reviewed
dc.format.extent1
dc.format.extent3857163
dc.identifier.citationEguiarte , O , Garrido-Marijuán , A , de Agustín-Camacho , P , del Portillo , L & Romero-Amorrortu , A 2020 , ' Energy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europe ' , Energies , vol. 13 , no. 15 , 3939 , pp. 3939 . https://doi.org/10.3390/en13153939
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/en13153939
dc.identifier.issn1996-1073
dc.identifier.otherresearchoutputwizard: 11556/991
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090807874&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofEnergies
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.keywordsHeat pumps
dc.subject.keywordsPrimary energy
dc.subject.keywordsElectric mix
dc.subject.keywordsUrban-scale decarbonization
dc.subject.keywordsDynamic energy
dc.subject.keywordsTariffs
dc.subject.keywordsHeating demand management
dc.subject.keywordsHeat pumps
dc.subject.keywordsPrimary energy
dc.subject.keywordsElectric mix
dc.subject.keywordsUrban-scale decarbonization
dc.subject.keywordsDynamic energy
dc.subject.keywordsTariffs
dc.subject.keywordsHeating demand management
dc.subject.keywordsDynamic energy tariffs
dc.subject.keywordsRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
dc.subject.keywordsFuel Technology
dc.subject.keywordsEngineering (miscellaneous)
dc.subject.keywordsEnergy Engineering and Power Technology
dc.subject.keywordsEnergy (miscellaneous)
dc.subject.keywordsControl and Optimization
dc.subject.keywordsElectrical and Electronic Engineering
dc.subject.keywordsSDG 13 - Climate Action
dc.subject.keywordsSDG 8 - Decent Work and Economic Growth
dc.subject.keywordsProject ID
dc.subject.keywordsinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/768614/EU/Integrating Real-Intelligence in Energy Management Systems enabling Holistic Demand Response Optimization in Buildings and Districts/HOLISDER
dc.subject.keywordsinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/768614/EU/Integrating Real-Intelligence in Energy Management Systems enabling Holistic Demand Response Optimization in Buildings and Districts/HOLISDER
dc.subject.keywordsFunding Info
dc.subject.keywordsEuropean Commission's H2020
dc.subject.keywordsEuropean Commission's H2020
dc.titleEnergy, Environmental and Economic Analysis of Air-to-Air Heat Pumps as an Alternative to Heating Electrification in Europeen
dc.typejournal article
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