Retos metodológicos para estudiar la vulnerabilidad demográfica y residencial a nivel intraurbano ante los cambios en las fuentes estadísticas habituales
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2019
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Abstract
Los estudios geográficos aplicados a escalas de detalle se encuentran muy condicionados por la disponibilidad de fuentes de referencia. Esto es determinante en este momento, en el que asistimos a cambios en las fuentes estadísticas oficiales, que pueden poner en riesgo la continuidad de investigaciones representativas a nivel intraurbano. Se afianza, así, un período idóneo para explorar fuentes alternativas que implicarán necesariamente nuevas pautas metodológicas. En este marco, el artículo apuesta por nuevos planteamientos para la determinación de los patrones espaciales de la población vulnerable a nivel intraurbano, a partir de datos disponibles y observables de edificación y entorno. Tras una aproximación a nivel de sección censal, el estudio se centra en modelizar la vulnerabilidad demográfica y residencial a nivel de edificio, mediante métodos downscaling. Esta metodología puede ser exportada a otras ciudades españolas e, incluso, a otros países con una ligera adaptación.
Investigations on a detailed scale in the field of applied geography are highly conditioned by the availability of sources. Regardless of the area, the sources used to compile official statistics are rapidly changing, frequently interrupting the continuity of previous research, complicating detailed analysis at an intra-urban level. In this paper, alternative sources and a new methodological approach are explored. Socio-demographic studies from territorial perspectives are used to analyze two decisive and discrete processes and features of our cities: demographic and residential social deprivation. With our methodology, the spatial patterns of the deprived population are estimated on an intra-urban scale, incorporating observable and available information on buildings and the surrounding environment. After an approach at the level of the district, deprivation indexes are downscaled to the level of the building. A simple adaptation of this methodology may be exported to other cities.
Investigations on a detailed scale in the field of applied geography are highly conditioned by the availability of sources. Regardless of the area, the sources used to compile official statistics are rapidly changing, frequently interrupting the continuity of previous research, complicating detailed analysis at an intra-urban level. In this paper, alternative sources and a new methodological approach are explored. Socio-demographic studies from territorial perspectives are used to analyze two decisive and discrete processes and features of our cities: demographic and residential social deprivation. With our methodology, the spatial patterns of the deprived population are estimated on an intra-urban scale, incorporating observable and available information on buildings and the surrounding environment. After an approach at the level of the district, deprivation indexes are downscaled to the level of the building. A simple adaptation of this methodology may be exported to other cities.
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Publisher Copyright: © Olga de Cos Guerra y Elena Usobiaga Ferrer, 2019.
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de Cos Guerra , O & Usobiaga Ferrer , E 2019 , ' Retos metodológicos para estudiar la vulnerabilidad demográfica y residencial a nivel intraurbano ante los cambios en las fuentes estadísticas habituales ' , Scripta Nova , vol. 23 , 606 . https://doi.org/10.1344/sn2019.23.21614 , https://doi.org/10.1344/sn2019.23.21614