Bacterial-cellulose-derived carbonaceous electrode materials for water desalination via capacitive method: The crucial role of defect sites: The crucial role of defect sites
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2020-10-15
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Abstract
Electrosorptive desalination is a very simple and appealing approach to satisfy the increasing demand for drinking water. The large-scale application of this technology calls for the development of easy-to-produce, cheap and highly performing electrode materials and for the identification and tailoring of their most influential properties, as well. Here, biosynthesised bacterial cellulose is used as a carbon precursor for the production of three-dimensional nanostructures endowed with hierarchically porous architecture and different density and type of intrinsic and hetero-atom induced lattice defects. The produced materials exhibit unprecedented desalination capacities for carbon-based electrodes. At an initial concentration of 585 mg L−1 (10 mmol L−1), they are able to remove from 55 to 79 mg g−1 of salt; as the initial concentration rises to 11.7 g L−1 (200 mmol L−1), their salt adsorption capacity reaches values ranging between 1.03 and 1.35 g g−1. The results of the thorough material characterisation by complementary techniques evidence that the relative amount of oxygenated surface functional species enhancing the electrode wettability play a crucial role at lower NaCl concentrations, whereas the availability of active non-sp2 defect sites for adsorption is mainly influential at higher salt concentrations.
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Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Authors
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Bacterial cellulose , Raman spectroscopy , Lattice defects , Capacitive deionization , Bacterial cellulose , Raman spectroscopy , Lattice defects , Capacitive deionization , General Chemistry , General Chemical Engineering , General Materials Science , Water Science and Technology , Mechanical Engineering , SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation , Funding Info , L.U., M.A.C. and A.E. gratefully thank GIU18/216 - UPV/EHU Research Group for the financial support to their work. , L.U., M.A.C. and A.E. gratefully thank GIU18/216 - UPV/EHU Research Group for the financial support to their work.
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Belaustegui , Y , Pantò , F , Urbina , L , Corcuera , M A , Eceiza , A , Palella , A , Triolo , C & Santangelo , S 2020 , ' Bacterial-cellulose-derived carbonaceous electrode materials for water desalination via capacitive method: The crucial role of defect sites : The crucial role of defect sites ' , Desalination , vol. 492 , 114596 , pp. 114596 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2020.114596