Effect of aryl phosphates on toxicity of combustion gases of flame‐retardant polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene blends according to EN 45545 railway standard

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dc.contributor.authorSánchez, Alberto
dc.contributor.authorVillanueva, Sara
dc.contributor.institutionECOEFICIENCIA DE PRODUCTOS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN
dc.date.issued2022-03-09
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. Fire and Materials published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
dc.description.abstractIn this study, the toxicity of combustion gases of polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) blends that include aryl phosphates as flame-retardants (FRs) was analyzed according to the European railway standard EN 45545-2 (NBS chamber + FTIR). FRs have a significant influence on the evolution of the toxicity of gases generated during the combustion process. In the experiment, the asphyxiant hydrogen cyanide (HCN) was detected at the beginning of combustion (4 min of testing) as a product of ABS degradation. CO was generated throughout the test (8 min) because of the incomplete combustion of both the ABS and PC fractions. The presence of aryl phosphates promoted the inhibition of the flame. The reaction of PO radicals in the gas phase resulted in OH scavenging and a higher release of HCN and CO. The results suggest that aryl phosphates act in the first 4 min and do not have an effect later. FRs with lower thermal stability exhibited lower heat release and flame propagation but generated more toxic gases. This effect is attributed to the higher activity of the flame-retardant in the gas phase. Further, additional fire performance parameters, including thermal stability (thermogravimetric analysis), flammability (UL94), and heat and smoke generation (cone calorimeter), were studied. It was found that aryl phosphates reduced the fire hazard, prevented the spread of the flame, reduced heat generation, increased the time to ignition, and, at the same time, promoted the emission of toxic gases that differ in function of the selected flame-retardanten
dc.description.statusPeer reviewed
dc.format.extent11
dc.format.extent2342080
dc.identifier.citationSánchez , A & Villanueva , S 2022 , ' Effect of aryl phosphates on toxicity of combustion gases of flame‐retardant polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene blends according to EN 45545 railway standard ' , Fire and Materials , vol. unknown , no. 8 , pp. 1197-1207 . https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.3062
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/fam.3062
dc.identifier.issn0308-0501
dc.identifier.otherresearchoutputwizard: 11556/1281
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126037626&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofFire and Materials
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.keywordsaryl phosphates
dc.subject.keywordsEN 45545
dc.subject.keywordsflame-retardant PC/ABS
dc.subject.keywordspolymer composites
dc.subject.keywordstoxicity of gases
dc.subject.keywordsaryl phosphates
dc.subject.keywordsEN 45545
dc.subject.keywordsflame-retardant PC/ABS
dc.subject.keywordspolymer composites
dc.subject.keywordstoxicity of gases
dc.subject.keywordsElectronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
dc.subject.keywordsCeramics and Composites
dc.subject.keywordsGeneral Chemistry
dc.subject.keywordsPolymers and Plastics
dc.subject.keywordsMetals and Alloys
dc.subject.keywordsProject ID
dc.subject.keywordsinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/641747/EU/Close WEEE
dc.subject.keywordsinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/730308/EU/Post-Consumer High-tech Recycled Polymers for a Circular Economy/POLYCE
dc.subject.keywordsinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/641747/EU/Close WEEE
dc.subject.keywordsinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/730308/EU/Post-Consumer High-tech Recycled Polymers for a Circular Economy/POLYCE
dc.subject.keywordsFunding Info
dc.subject.keywordsThe authors are grateful to the European Commission for its support in the Close WEEE Project GA 641747 and POLYCE project GA 730308
dc.subject.keywordsThe authors are grateful to the European Commission for its support in the Close WEEE Project GA 641747 and POLYCE project GA 730308
dc.titleEffect of aryl phosphates on toxicity of combustion gases of flame‐retardant polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene blends according to EN 45545 railway standarden
dc.typejournal article
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