Zinc coatings on steel produced by ion beam assisted deposition

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dc.contributor.authorSansom, D.
dc.contributor.authorAlonso, F.
dc.contributor.authorUgarte, J. J.
dc.contributor.authorZapirain, F.
dc.contributor.authorOñate, J. I.
dc.contributor.institutionCentros PRE-FUSION TECNALIA - (FORMER)
dc.contributor.institutionTecnalia Research & Innovation
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-24T11:59:16Z
dc.date.available2024-07-24T11:59:16Z
dc.date.issued1996-10
dc.description.abstractWorld-wide, only about 30% of cold-rolled products are coated by conventional methods such as hot-dip galvanising and electrodeposition. The demand for coated steel strip is expected to increase in the next few years and it has been demonstrated that dry PVD technologies can be applied continuously or in a semi-continuous way to produce corrosion-resistant coatings with excellent properties and performance. PVD technologies are also attractive because of reduced environmental constraints compared with conventional methods. Ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD), a relatively new PVD technique, offers the possibility of controlling process parameters independently, and can produce coatings with tailored properties. The aim of this work has been to evaluate the use of IBAD as a prospective method to produce Zn coatings on steel strip. Zinc coatings were deposited by IBAD onto 1 mm IF-steel sheet, at a thickness of approximately 5 μm. Various angles (10°-50° to the ion beam), evaporation rates (1-3 nm s-1) and ion beam energies (500-1000 eV) were selected, while the beam intensity was kept constant at 25 mA. This was to maintain the I/A arrival ratio at a sufficiently low value to obtain good deposition rates when taking into account sputtering effects. A bending test was conducted to test the formability of the coating. Any cracking or delamination that occurred was observed under an optical microscope and a chemical test was used to determine the amount of revealed substrate. This test showed the lack of interconnected pores in the Zn coatings. Furthermore, all IBAD films showed good adhesion and formability with no signs of delamination. Topographical observation of the coatings was undertaken using SEM, which was also used to study the coating thickness and uniformity. These observations showed the deposited coatings to be uneven and of widely varying thicknesses. These variations are discussed in terms of the effects of sputtering and evaporator-substrate distance. From SEM micrographs it could be seen clearly that ion bombardment during deposition influences the structure of the produced film, changing the structure from a highly columnar growth to a fine, even-grained structure. The corrosion resistance was tested using a standard ASTM B117 salt spray test, with a 3.5% NaCl salt solution. This test showed a dependence of the corrosion resistance on the film thickness, with little variations due to the different morphology or microstructure of the films.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work has been carried out with the financial assistance of the European Coal and Steel Community, ECSC, under contract no. 7210-TS/931 (Project 3357~2). The authors are also grateful for the partial financial support granted by the Spanish Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia-CICYT under project no. MAT95-1253-CE.
dc.description.statusPeer reviewed
dc.format.extent5
dc.identifier.citationSansom , D , Alonso , F , Ugarte , J J , Zapirain , F & Oñate , J I 1996 , ' Zinc coatings on steel produced by ion beam assisted deposition ' , Surface and Coatings Technology , vol. 84 , no. 1-3 , pp. 480-484 . https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(95)02766-1
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/S0257-8972(95)02766-1
dc.identifier.issn0257-8972
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11556/2926
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0030269613&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofSurface and Coatings Technology
dc.relation.projectIDECSC, 7210-TS/931-3357~2
dc.relation.projectIDEuropean Coal and Steel Community
dc.relation.projectIDComisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT, MAT95-1253-CE
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.subject.keywordsIon beam assisted deposition
dc.subject.keywordsZinc coatings
dc.subject.keywordsGeneral Chemistry
dc.subject.keywordsCondensed Matter Physics
dc.subject.keywordsSurfaces and Interfaces
dc.subject.keywordsSurfaces, Coatings and Films
dc.subject.keywordsMaterials Chemistry
dc.titleZinc coatings on steel produced by ion beam assisted depositionen
dc.typejournal article
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