Browsing by Keyword "resilience"
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Item Adopting Resilience Thinking through Nature-Based Solutions within Urban Planning: A Case Study in the City of València(2023-05) García-Blanco, Gemma; Navarro, Daniel; Feliu, Efren; ADAPTACIÓN AL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICOThe paper exposes the experience of València in applying climate-resilient thinking to the current revision of the city’s General Urban Development Plan. A semi-quantitative, indicator-based risk assessment of heat stress was carried out on the 23 functional areas of the city sectorized by the Plan, including modeling and spatial analysis exercises. A data model of 18 indicators was built to characterize vulnerability. A thermal stress map was developed using the URbCLim model and a heat index was then calculated using Copernicus hourly data (air temperature, humidity, and wind speed) for the period of January 2008–December 2017 at a spatial resolution of 100 m × 100 m. General recommendations at the city level as well as guidelines for development planning in the functional areas at risk are provided, with specifications for the deployment of nature-based solutions as adaptation measures. From a planning perspective, the study positively informs the General Urban Development Plan, the City Green and Biodiversity Plan, and contributes to City Urban Strategy 2030 and City Missions 2030 for climate adaptation and neutrality. Applying the same approach to other climate change-related hazards (i.e., water scarcity, pluvial flooding, sea level rise) will allow better informed decisions towards resilient urban planning.Item DECENTRALIZED INDUSTRY 5.0: BLOCKCHAIN’S CONTRIBUTION TO INDUSTRIAL SUSTAINABILITY, RESILIENCE, AND HUMAN-CENTRICITY(2023-11) Lage, Oscar; Saiz-Santos, María; Zarzuelo, José Manuel; CIBERSEC&DLTThe emerging Industry 5.0 presents new challenges related to sustainability, resilience, and worker welfare in industrial companies; challenges that are vital for industrial and social development in the coming years. We believe that blockchain can help to face these challenges thanks to the trust and security it provides in complex ecosystems such as industrial supply chains. To verify this hypothesis, this paper performs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on two stages. A first stage focused on the analysis of publications related to blockchain and Industry 5.0. Being such a novel term and with limited literature, we complemented the analysis with a second stage in which we analyzed the benefits of blockchain on each of the three pillars of Industry 5.0: sustainability, resilience, and human-centricity. The results of the SLR confirm our initial hypothesis and provide details on how, and to what extent, blockchain can add value to each of the three challenges of Industry 5.0, empowering at least nine use cases that will contribute to those challenges.Item Improved resilience of metro vehicle design to blast and fire events(2013) Bruyelle, Jean Luc; Koursi, El Miloudi El; Seddon, Richard; O'Neill, Conor; POLIMEROSIn the framework of the European FP7 SECUREMETRO project, the authors have studied the occurrences of terrorist attacks against metro trains with the goal to reduce the number of attacks by making transport systems a less attractive target. In addition to the counter-measures already implemented to increase the resilience to terrorism, the SECUREMETRO project adds another layer of counter-measures aimed at mitigating the effects of an attack to the vehicles, should the others fail to prevent it. This work takes into account the identified common attack methodologies and the behavior of the surviving passengers in order to improve the situation management, assist the evacuation of and rescue to survivors. Moreover, technological improvements to the structure and critical systems of the vehicle have been devised and tested in real situation. This paper focuses particularly on the behavior of people in blast situation, and presents the conclusions of the project on these effects and the related design improvements.Item Sustainable Cultural Tourism: Proposal for a Comparative Indicator-Based Framework in European Destinations(2024-03) Zubiaga, Mikel; Sopelana, Amaia; Gandini, Alessandra; Aliaga, Héctor M.; Kalvet, Tarmo; LABORATORIO DE TRANSFORMACIÓN URBANAEffective decision-making in tourism destinations relies significantly on employing suitable indicators for policy design and impact evaluation. However, the adoption of sustainability-focused indicators remains constrained in the field of cultural tourism. The purpose of this research is to provide decision-makers with an extensive array of criteria and indicators, enabling informed decision-making, policy formulation, and impact assessment tailored to the distinctive attributes encountered in European destinations. Based on the synthesis of existing approaches, and in co-creation with 21 European tourism destinations, an indicator-based framework is proposed, structured around the environmental, economic, social, cultural, resilience, and characterization domains. The results are particularly novel in the resilience and cultural domains, related to the recovery from crisis impacts, but also to the enhancement of digital approaches, as well as the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage towards a more hospitable destination. Moreover, the involvement of stakeholders incorporating real-case scenarios allows this research to bridge the gap between theoretical constructs and practical application. The indicator-based framework resulting from this research will provide stakeholders with assistance in assessing and comparing the impacts of cultural tourism on their destinations and, thence, help them acquire knowledge on cultural resource management, contributing to a more sustainable, responsible, and balanced impact.