Browsing by Keyword "human factors"
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Item Improved resilience of metro vehicle design to blast and fire events(2013) Bruyelle, Jean Luc; Koursi, El Miloudi El; Seddon, Richard; O'Neill, Conor; POLIMEROSIn the framework of the European FP7 SECUREMETRO project, the authors have studied the occurrences of terrorist attacks against metro trains with the goal to reduce the number of attacks by making transport systems a less attractive target. In addition to the counter-measures already implemented to increase the resilience to terrorism, the SECUREMETRO project adds another layer of counter-measures aimed at mitigating the effects of an attack to the vehicles, should the others fail to prevent it. This work takes into account the identified common attack methodologies and the behavior of the surviving passengers in order to improve the situation management, assist the evacuation of and rescue to survivors. Moreover, technological improvements to the structure and critical systems of the vehicle have been devised and tested in real situation. This paper focuses particularly on the behavior of people in blast situation, and presents the conclusions of the project on these effects and the related design improvements.Item Improving Human Reliability Analysis for Railway Systems Using Fuzzy Logic(2021) Ciani, Lorenzo; Guidi, Giulia; Patrizi, Gabriele; Galar, Diego; Tecnalia Research & InnovationThe International Union of Railway provides an annually safety report highlighting that human factor is one of the main causes of railway accidents every year. Consequently, the study of human reliability is fundamental, and it must be included within a complete reliability assessment for every railway-related system. However, currently RARA (Railway Action Reliability Assessment) is the only approach available in literature that considers human task specifically customized for railway applications. The main disadvantages of RARA are the impact of expert's subjectivity and the difficulty of a numerical assessment for the model parameters in absence of an exhaustive error and accident database. This manuscript introduces an innovative fuzzy method for the assessment of human factor in safety-critical systems for railway applications to address the problems highlighted above. Fuzzy logic allows to simplify the assessment of the model parameters by means of linguistic variables more resemblant to human cognitive process. Moreover, it deals with uncertain and incomplete data much better than classical deterministic approach and it minimizes the subjectivity of the analyst evaluation. The output of the proposed algorithm is the result of a fuzzy interval arithmetic, \alpha -cut theory and centroid defuzzification procedure. The proposed method has been applied to the human operations carried out on a railway signaling system. Four human tasks and two scenarios have been simulated to analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the results of the method are compared with the classical RARA procedure underline compliant results obtain with a simpler, less complex and more intuitive approach.