Browsing by Keyword "Vehicle-to-grid"
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Item Electric vehicles for renewable energy integration in isolated power systems(Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2020-01-01) Wang, Yaofang; Castanõ-Solis, Sandra; Fraile-Ardanuy, Jesús; Jiménez, David; Artaloytia, Benito; Álvaro-Hermana, Roberto; Merino, Julia; Tecnalia Research & InnovationThe introduction of electric vehicles (EVs) is another alternative to reduce GHG emissions in these isolated systems, because these vehicles are more suitable for the short average daily distances on the islands. EVs can also contribute to integrating renewable energies in these isolated systems, becoming flexible loads and helping to reduce the peak-valley ratio and flattering the energy demand curve. Additionally, the mobility characteristics in islands make them appropriate to promote the electrification of the transportation sector. Introducing V2G as an energy storage system presents advantages such as making use of large-scale distributed storage systems; the batteries of EVs present very low cost for grid operators, easy implementation, and compatibility with the environmental policy. In this work the option of charging an EV fleet as a distributed energy storage system to increase the participation of renewable energy in an isolated power system has been presented.Item Peer-to-peer energy market between electric vehicles(Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2020-01-01) Álvaro-Hermana, Roberto; Merino, Julia; Fraile-Ardanuy, Jesús; Castanõ-Solis, Sandra; Jiménez, David; Tecnalia Research & InnovationElectric vehicles (EVs) are a major component of future electric grids, both for the increase in electricity demand and the flexibility they can add to the grid. Vehicle-to-grid and vehicle-to-building pilots have been tested and some have been approved by grid operators, but the EVs’ possibilities shall be further enhanced. In previous works, the authors proposed a peer-to-peer energy market between EVs that largely reduced the expenses of their costly day-charging. This chapter further expands the model by taking into account the long-term effects of the market, which reduce the impact of the electric grid prices forecast on the market. The ratio between EVs that offer energy and those that demand energy is shown to be a good indicator for the market price forecast. Almost all energy demand occurs in pairs zone-time in which the number of offering EVs is more than five times the number of demanding EVs, for which the market price is very close to the electricity price at night.