Browsing by Keyword "Steel bridges"
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Item Design and testing of an adhesively bonded CFRP strengthening system for steel structures(2018-12-15) Chataigner, S.; Benzarti, K.; Foret, G.; Caron, J.F.; Gemignani, G.; Brugiolo, M.; Calderon, I.; Piñero, I.; Birtel, V.; Lehmann, F.; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; E&I SEGURAS Y RESILIENTESIn the framework of sustainable development policies, it is essential that infrastructure owners can rely on effective repair or strengthening solutions, designed and tested in relevance to actual service conditions. In the case of steel structures, fatigue damage is a major concern that can significantly affect the lifespan of the structure, and so far, there are very few operational methods capable of preventing fatigue cracks in the field. Adhesively bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are being successfully applied to the rehabilitation of concrete structures for more than two decades, and they are currently receiving much interest for the strengthening of steel elements, but mainly for curative purpose after severe damage has occurred. In the present study, which is part of a European project called FASSTbridge, a specific CFRP system has been developed as a preventive method against fatigue damage of steel structures. The proposed system consists of a commercially available ultra-high modulus (UHM) CFRP composite plate compatible with the stiffness of the host steel structures, which is bonded to the steel support using a novel hybrid epoxy/polyurethane adhesive. A first part of the paper presents the main specifications that should be adopted in the design of CFRP strengthening systems applied to steel structures, and that were identified from an extensive literature survey. These specifications have guided the development of the polymer adhesive and the choice of a peculiar commercial CFRP plate in the preliminary phase of the project. Experimental characterizations were then conducted (i) on the formulated hybrid polymer adhesive to optimize its curing schedule and check the previous specifications are fulfilled, and (ii) on CFRP reinforced steel specimens in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strengthening system. This experimental program involved both short term and durability tests that were performed by different laboratories. Such an inter-laboratory study made it possible to verify the performances of the developed strengthening system and to assess the influence of installation parameters and environmental conditions.Item Fatigue Strengthening of Steel Bridges with Adhesively Bonded CFRP Laminates: Case Study(2020-06-01) Chataigner, S.; Wahbeh, M.; Garcia-Sanchez, D.; Benzarti, K.; Birtel, V.; Fischer, M.; Sopeña, L.; Boundouki, R.; Lehmann, F.; Martín, E.; Gemignani, G.; Zalbide, M.; E&I SEGURAS Y RESILIENTESOne of the aims of applying sustainable development to bridge infrastructure was to provide bridge owners with strengthening solutions that could lead to increased service life for existing structures. In the case of steel bridges, the assessment of the remaining service life is most often linked to the determination of structural deterioration caused by corrosion and fatigue. Damage caused by fatigue is very difficult to assess before crack initiation and is more likely to occur in older structures, where the phenomenon was not taken into account in designs before 1970. In addition, old steel materials display more brittle behavior. To meet these challenges, a preventive methodology for fatigue strengthening of steel structures was developed. The method begins with scheduling a fatigue design analysis of the existing construction to determine the most fatigue damage exposed construction elements of the bridge. The remaining fatigue life of these elements can be increased with a strengthening solution based on the use of adhesively bonded ultra-high modulus (UHM) carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates, which were applied to a steel surface before failure indicators such as cracks arise. This article presents the development process of this preventive method and a demonstrative application to an existing bridge (Jarama Bridge). Strain measurement was carried out to verify the theoretical expectations of the reinforcement. Different parameters were studied, including the influence of low traffic volumes during the reinforcement application. The results proved the efficiency of this system for the structure under study.