Browsing by Keyword "Steam methane reforming"
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Item The membrane-assisted chemical looping reforming concept for efficient H2 production with inherent CO2 capture: Experimental demonstration and model validation: Experimental demonstration and model validation(2018-04-01) Medrano, J.A.; Potdar, I.; Melendez, J.; Spallina, V.; Pacheco Tanaka, David A.; van Sint Annaland, M.; Gallucci, F.; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; TECNOLOGÍA DE MEMBRANAS E INTENSIFICACIÓN DE PROCESOSIn this work a novel reactor concept referred to as Membrane-Assisted Chemical Looping Reforming (MA-CLR) has been demonstrated at lab scale under different operating conditions for a total working time of about 100 h. This reactor combines the advantages of Chemical Looping, such as CO2 capture and good thermal integration, with membrane technology for a better process integration and direct product separation in a single unit, which in its turn leads to increased efficiencies and important benefits compared to conventional technologies for H2 production. The effect of different operating conditions (i.e. temperature, steam-to-carbon ratio or oxygen feed in the reactor) has been evaluated in a continuous chemical looping reactor, and methane conversions above 90% have been measured with (ultra-pure) hydrogen recovery from the membranes. For all the cases a maximum recovery factor of around 30% has been measured, which could be increased by operating the concept at higher pressures and with more membranes. The optimum conditions have been found at temperatures around 600 °C for a steam-to-carbon ratio of 3 and diluted air in the air reactor (5% O2). The complete demonstration has been carried out feeding up to 1 L/min of CH4 (corresponding to 0.6 kW of thermal input) while up to 1.15 L/min of H2 was recovered. Simultaneously, a phenomenological model has been developed and validated with the experimental results. In general, good agreement is observed, with overall deviations below 10% in terms of methane conversion, H2 recovery and separation factor. The model allows better understanding of the behavior of the MA-CLR concept and the optimization and design of scaled-up versions of the concept.Item Revisiting the role of steam methane reforming with CO2 capture and storage for long-term hydrogen production(2021-06-01) Navas-Anguita, Zaira; García-Gusano, Diego; Dufour, Javier; Iribarren, Diego; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; PLANIFICACIÓN ENERGÉTICARoad transport is associated with high greenhouse gas emissions due to its current dependence on fossil fuels. In this regard, the implementation of alternative fuels such as hydrogen is expected to play a key role in decarbonising the transport system. Nevertheless, attention should be paid to the suitability of hydrogen production pathways as low-carbon solutions. In this work, an energy systems optimisation model for the prospective assessment of a national hydrogen production mix was upgraded in order to unveil the potential role of grey hydrogen from steam methane reforming (SMR) and blue hydrogen from SMR with CO2 capture and storage (CCS) in satisfying the hydrogen demanded by fuel cell electric vehicles in Spain from 2020 to 2050. This was done by including CCS retrofit of SMR plants in the energy systems model, as a potential strategy within the scope of the European Hydrogen Strategy. Considering three hypothetical years for banning hydrogen from fossil-based plants without CCS (2030, 2035, and 2040), it was found that SMR could satisfy the whole demand for hydrogen for road transport in the short term (2020–2030), while being substituted by water electrolysis in the medium-to-long term (2030–2050). Furthermore, this trend was found to be associated with an appropriate prospective behaviour in terms of carbon footprint.