Browsing by Keyword "Social Psychology"
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Item Long-term physical activity modifies automatic visual processing(2019-05-04) Pesonen, Heidi; Savić, Andrej M.; Kujala, Urho M.; Tarkka, Ina M.; Tecnalia Research & InnovationElectrophysiologically registered visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) is known to represent automatic visual processing in human visual cortex. Since physical activity (PA) is generally beneficial to cerebrovascular function, we wanted to find out if automatic visual processing is affected by PA. We investigated the connection between long-term leisure-time PA and precognitive visual processing in 32 healthy young males. Participants were divided into active (n = 16) and inactive (n = 16) group according to their leisure-time PA records from the past three years. vMMN was recorded with electroencephalogram using passive oddball paradigm with visual bars. Standard (90%) and deviant (10%) stimuli in different orientations were presented randomly while participant’s attention was directed to an audio play. No visual task was involved. vMMN difference waveforms were generated and peak latencies and signal integrals were determined in post-stimulus window of 100–300 ms. vMMN latencies were shorter in active participants compared to inactive ones in the occipital cortex. A trend towards larger integral values in occipital area in active participants was observed, albeit non-significant. Physically active participants showed faster automatic processing of deviant stimuli compared to inactive ones in the occipital area. This may imply enhanced early non-attended visual processing in those individuals who are habitually physically active.Item Work Engagement: Organizational Attribute or Personality Trait?: Organizational Attribute or Personality Trait?(2022-08) Prieto-Díez, Francisco; Postigo, Álvaro; Cuesta, Marcelino; Muñiz, José; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; MercadoOne of the most determining factors of work performance is the degree of engagement of people to their work. That degree of engagement is influenced by both personal and organizational factors. The objective of this research is to analyze the connection between personal characteristics and organizational attributes with the work engagement of workers. The sample consisted of 286 employed workers; 83.5% were Spanish and 16.5% belonged to other Spanish-speaking countries. The mean age was 44.51 years (SD = 8.76) and 55.2% were women. For the prediction of work engagement, a hierarchical linear regression was carried out, first introducing the variables that evaluate personal characteristics (Big Five, entrepreneurial personality, emotional intelligence, and personal happiness) and, later, variables relating to organizational attributes (happiness work and organizational climate). General personality traits (Big Five) explain 22% of work engagement, this percentage rising to 47% when entrepreneurial personality is introduced in the model. Emotional intelligence does not explain additional variance, but personal happiness does. Happiness at work and organizational climate produce a significant increase and the explained variance rises from 55% to 63% when they are included in the model. Both the variables related to the personal characteristics of the employees and variables related to the organizational attributes jointly contribute to the explanation of the degree of work engagement. Workers with high scores on entrepreneurial personality traits achieve higher levels of work engagement, finding a moderating effect of the organizational climate in the relationship between people’s autonomy and their work engagement.