Browsing by Keyword "Optical model"
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Item Optical model for multilayer glazing systems: Application to laminated glass and photovoltaic modules: Application to laminated glass and photovoltaic modules(2016-02-01) Baenas, Tomás; Machado, Maider; Tecnalia Research & InnovationThis article provides theoretical developments broadening the scope of previous optical simulation models for multilayer glazing systems. The applicability of existing models will be extended through additional characterization of the multilayer optical components from global spectrophotometric (UV–vis–NIR) measurements. A more complete interlayer film characterization, including reflectivity in the film–glass interface, will be provided. Singular solutions of the related equation systems will be derived for situations involving components with very low or null transmissivity. As a contribution to the fundamentals of the formalism, the condition relating the symmetry of the transmittance of the system with the symmetry of the transmissivity of its optical components will be studied. Finally, with the extension for the calculation of energy fluxes through the components of a multilayer system, analytical expressions for the components absorptivity will be derived. These results are particularly useful to quantify differences in energy absorption of the constituents of a laminated glass, as a tool to define, from the glazing design phase, the thermal and mechanical processing needed for each glazing component. Additionally, the model provides a procedure for the calculation of the absorptivity of encapsulated photovoltaic cells, which is directly related to cell efficiency in each particular configuration.Item Optical model for multilayer glazing systems: Experimental validation through the analytical prediction of encapsulation-induced variation of PV modules efficiency: Experimental validation through the analytical prediction of encapsulation-induced variation of PV modules efficiency(2016-10-01) Machado, Maider; Baenas, Tomás; Yurrita, Naiara; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOSA simple analytical calculation based on a transfer matrix method for incoherent optics, allowing the prediction of photovoltaic module efficiencies in different encapsulation conditions is presented. This approach is used for the experimental validation of the main features of the optical model for multilayer glazing systems considered, through the relation between the external quantum efficiency of the module and its optical modeling. The theoretical procedure avoids the need to manufacture and characterize by solar simulator or external quantum efficiency measurements all the variety of photovoltaic module configurations, which is of interest at research and manufacturing levels, especially for building-integrated photovoltaics. The absorptivity of encapsulated solar cells is not directly accessible from direct air-bare cell or airencapsulated cell optical measurements, and therefore analytical or numerical methods are generally needed. The calculations presented in this work provide closed analytical expressions for the layer-bylayer absorption of the different components of a photovoltaic module. From a small set of experimental measurements of a particular encapsulation configuration, and the theoretical expressions for spectral absorptivities, the short-circuit current of a module can be predicted for any other encapsulation scheme. It will be proved that the method accurately matches short-circuit current density of the modules as obtained from experimental measurements. Results will be presented for crystalline silicon and CIGS thin film cell technologies with several glass and encapsulation material combinations.