Browsing by Keyword "Microgrid"
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Item Analysis of the applicability of the IEEE 2030.8 standard for testing a microgrid control system(2021) Jimeno, Joseba; Merino, Julia; Perez-Basante, Angel; Gil-de-Muro, Asier; POWER SYSTEMS; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; POWER ELECTRONICS AND SYSTEM EQUIPMENTTo coordinate the operation of the different generating units, storage systems and loads belonging to a microgrid, typically a Microgrid Control System (MGCS) is needed. This MGCS defines the set points to be delivered to the controllable devices to guarantee the appropriate operation of the microgrid both from the technical and the economic perspectives. The MGCS must be able to operate the microgrid in islanded mode, grid-connected, and withstand the transitions between the two operatingmodes. Recently two international standards have been approved dealing with microgrid con-trollers, “IEEE 2030.7-2017 – IEEE Standard for the Specification of Microgrid Control-ler” and “IEEE 2030.8-2018 - IEEE Standard for the Testing of Microgrid Controllers”.Item Arquitectura de un gestor energético de microrredes(2009-10) Jimeno-Huarte, Joseba; Anduaga-Muniozguren, Jon; Oyarzabal-Moreno, José; POWER SYSTEMS; POWER ELECTRONICS AND SYSTEM EQUIPMENTMicrogrids are defined as a set of aggregated microgenerators and loads operating like a unique system. Microgrids need energy management systems in order to coordinate the actions of the elements that compose them. This way, Microgrids provide useful services to connected users as well as to the electrical system. This paper presents the architecture of a Microgrid Energy Manager applying multiagent based technologies and communication standards. An application of this architecture to the secondary regulation function has been performed using TECNALIA's Microgrid as validation platform. The implementation of the secondary regulation takes into account economical criteria while the technical restrictions of the controlled equipment are fulfilled.Item Definition, evolution, applications and barriers for deployment of microgrids in the energy sector(2008-12) Perea, E.; Oyarzabal, J. M.; Rodríguez, R.; DIGITAL ENERGY; POWER SYSTEMS; Tecnalia Research & InnovationSummary: The Microgrid concept is becoming a reality since its careful design and operation could solve a variety of challenges. The massive interconnection and operation of decentralized energy resources near the loads, electric loss reductions, customized quality of electrical supply to clients, energy efficiency increase and greenhouse gas emissions reduction when electric and thermal loads are supplied by high efficiency generation units (CHP, Combined Heat and Power, or CHCP, Combined Heat, Cool and Power) or renewable energies are their major advantages. Microgrids are a common research topic in USA, Canada, Japan and Europe, where several pilot installations have been specified, designed, built and operated with some other demonstration and research facilities being planned. This paper gives an overview of definitions and evolution of the microgrid concept, the different approaches to microgrids in the three continents, specific problems solved by real microgrids and, as an example, it also analyzes the major barriers actually encountered in the Spanish legislation for their wide deployment. Finally, the role of the Energy Department of LABEIN-Tecnalia in the field of microgrids is described.Item Islanding Detection in Microgrids Using Harmonic Signatures(2015-10-01) Merino, J.; Mendoza-Araya, P.; Venkataramanan, G.; Baysal, M.; Tecnalia Research & InnovationIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in incorporating microgrids in electrical power networks. This is due to various advantages they present, particularly the possibility of working in either autonomous mode or grid connected, which makes them highly versatile structures for incorporating intermittent generation and energy storage. However, they pose safety issues in being able to support a local island in case of utility disconnection. Thus, in the event of an unintentional island situation, they should be able to detect the loss of mains and disconnect for self-protection and safety reasons. Most of the anti-islanding schemes are implemented within control of single generation devices, such as dc-ac inverters used with solar electric systems being incompatible with the concept of microgrids due to the variety and multiplicity of sources within the microgrid. In this paper, a passive islanding detection method based on the change of the 5th harmonic voltage magnitude at the point of common coupling between grid-connected and islanded modes of operation is presented. Hardware test results from the application of this approach to a laboratory scale microgrid are shown. The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed method, in meeting the requirements of IEEE 1547 standards.Item Microgrids integration into the distribution network(2008) Sánchez, E.; Anduaga, J.; Santiago, F. J.; Gil De Muro, A.; POWER ELECTRONICS AND SYSTEM EQUIPMENT; Tecnalia Research & InnovationThis paper describes the work carried out in the frame of the Spanish MICROGRID project, aiming the study of interaction between an electrical microgrid and the electrical distribution system taking into account both the isolated and the grid connected modes. The general objective is to foster the development of new products for the electrical grid of the future, considering the technical requirements and interconnection standards. Also regulatory and socioeconomic aspects are considered in the project. The paper shows the main results of the project during the simulation and construction phases. In the simulation phase it has been proved that: the state estimation algorithms used at the transmission network are also applicable at the distribution network; DER (Distributed Energy Resources) integration can contribute to reduce load flow through the lines, under a certain installed power level; an adequate control system would permit DER installations to generate energy above the legally established limits without causing problems to the network. The microgrid construction phase has been developed in the Technology Park of Bizkaia (TPB), placed in the North of Spain, where several partners have their facilities. The main activities, supported by site tests and carried on in this installation are: the monitoring of the microgrid using the standard protocol (IEC 61850 part. 7-420); the assessment of the impact of the microgrid on the transformation centre; the switching between connected and isolated mode; the microgrid power quality and stability improvement; the connection of fuel cell to the grid. The main contribution to the TPB microgrid has been the DER technologies demonstration facility located in LABEIN-TECNALIA's premises. It consists on an installation connected to the low voltage network and integrated by several generation and storage technologies together with programmable loads and grid simulators. The project has been developed during 3 years, June-2004 to June-2007 and has been partially supported by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia), Basque Government and Bizkaia Local Administration. Around ten companies and technological centres have joined the project which has been promoted by the Basque Country Energy Cluster, the Basque Energy Agency, Iberdrola and Tecnalia Technology Corporation. The involved industrial and technological companies are: Iberdrola, Arteche, Ingelectric, Intekia, Labein-Tecnalia, Ormazabal, Robotiker-Tecnalia, Sevilla of University, Team-Arteche, Zigor, ZIV p+c and Air Liquide España.Item Semantic Web technology for Grid control(2008) Liutkus, G.; Jimeno, J.; Laresgoiti, I.; Schowe-Von Der Brelie, B.; Schnettler, A.; Schröder, A.; Werlen, K.; POWER SYSTEMS; Tecnalia Research & InnovationToday, semantic technologies are deployed in the representation of knowledge and the development of inference engines that can incorporate reasoning capabilities to the systems. The S-TEN technology is extending the Semantic Web technologies for applications in industrial sectors. In the field of active distribution networks several objectives are addressed: to enable an automatic re-configuration of a microgrid, to improve the integration of dispersed generation by enhanced monitoring and control processes and to facilitate the integration of demand resources into the control of the grid using market mechanisms. The grids of the electrical network of the future will need to be highly automated, will require a reduced human intervention and will have a dynamic characteristic. Dynamic characteristic indicates the possibility of the equipment connected in the network to connect, disconnect and provide services to the central controller for managing the network. This capability will require plug and play capabilities that need the specification of standard protocols and data exchange models. But apart from this it also requires to provide self-describing capabilities to the devices and inference capabilities to the grid controller. Within the EU project S-TEN, co-funded by the European Community's Sixth Framework Programme (FP6), three applications will be developed in the area of power systems, two of them being presented in this paper. One application is dedicated to microgrid control and the other one focuses on the mechanisms for demand side bidding and resources dispatch. A description of the third application committed to the monitoring and control of distributed energy resources is given in [2]. 1. Microgrid control application The application that is going to be developed is related with the secondary control of a microgrid, but taking into account that the knowledge about the components that can be controlled makes the re-configuration of the network simpler. This advantage of adjustable operation facilitates the penetration of renewables, and makes possible an intelligent and distributed reaction to disturbances that can deviate the operation of the microgrid from its intended purpose. In the paper, the components of the microgrid will be described as well as the normal operation scenario and a set of disturbances or deviations from a normal scenario. The kind of disturbances that will be considered are failures of generation sources, the shutdown of modules in charge of scheduling the resources or the failure of generators to give the assigned power to the network. Besides, it will show the ontology used for the selfdescription of one of the components. 2. Demand-Side Bidding Demand-Side Bidding (DSB) enables the supplier to adjust his Spot Market bids. Such optimized exploitation of loads during the planning phase requires appropriate measures during the operation phase in order to guarantee a balanced system. Today DSB is only applied to dedicated large single consumers or groups of large consumers with similar behaviour. An appropriate Control, Metering and Communication (CMC) infrastructure is customized based on a case by case analysis. The S-TEN approach suggests a more generic CMC infrastructure based on Semantic Web technologies. It reduces costs and enables wider DSB participation of smaller consumers. S-TEN technology will support the self-description of devices and the publishing of services on the web, e. g. storage capabilities of heating and cooling devices could be published dynamically on the web. This information will be exploited for improved bids on one hand and a balanced system within a trading period on the other hand. Additional information on the applications and on the project is provided at the project's website.