Browsing by Keyword "In vivo"
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Item Effect of nanotubes and apatite on growth factor release from PLLA scaffolds(2011-06) Zande, Meike van der; Walboomers, X. Frank; Olalde, Beatriz; Jurado, Maria J.; Álava, J. Iñaki; Boerman, Otto C.; Jansen, John A.; Biomateriales; Tecnalia Research & InnovationThere is an evident clinical need for artificial bone restorative materials. In this respect, novel composites based on poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) have been described. The bone response of such polymer-based composites is usually improved by the addition of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). However, released BMP-2 is cleared almost immediately from the site of implantation by diffusion, whereas a prolonged retention of BMP-2 onto the scaffold has been suggested to be more favourable. Besides the ability to improve the mechanical strength and osteoconductivity of polymeric scaffolds, both carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and microhydroxyapatite (μHA) have been described to facilitate such retention of BMP-2 when incorporated into a composite scaffold. Therefore, in the current study, radiolabelled BMP-2 was loaded onto plain PLLA and composite PLLA-CNT-μHA scaffolds. Subsequently, the scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously for 5 weeks in rats and BMP-2 release was measured. Release started with an initial phase of quick release, followed by a gradual release of BMP-2. Both scaffold types comprised the same in vivo release properties for BMP-2. The bioactivity of the BMP-2 remained unaltered. It can be concluded that incorporated CNTs and μHA did not affect BMP-2 release from composite scaffold materials.Item Toxicology review in metal nanoparticles: Approximation in gold and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles(2012) Porredon, Constança; de Lapuente, Joaquín; García, Jesús Pablo; Sendra, Judith; Castaño, Argelia; Egizabal, Ainhoa; Ramis, Marc; Margareto, Javier; Borràs, Miquel; GenéticaThe toxicity of nanoparticles is under discussion. The great diversity of nanoparticles (different chemical composition, size, shape, surface recovery among others) makes it difficult to establish a criterion for determining the effects of human and environmental exposure. Gold Nanoparticles are considered biocompatible because they are composed of an inert material. These nanoparticles are used for different medical purposes, such as labeling, delivering, heating and sensing. Their effects can vary depending on their coating, size, and shape. Nevertheless, inert particles can produce morphologic changes, loss of function, inflammation or cell damage, therefore they must be studied with more detail. Superparamagnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are used for biosensing applications, tumor treatment by hyperthermia and as contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among other applications. Although they are also considered biocompatible, some studies show some degree of dose and size depending cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Both kinds of nanoparticles, mainly focused to biomedical industry, have been studied in different fields of toxicology. In this paper we have summarized some reports in an interdisciplinary review.