Browsing by Keyword "Finite element method"
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Item Computational and experimental model of transdermal iontophorethic drug delivery system(2017-11-30) Filipovic, Nenad; Saveljic, Igor; Rac, Vladislav; Graells, Beatriz Olalde; Bijelic, Goran; Biomateriales; MercadoThe concept of iontophoresis is often applied to increase the transdermal transport of drugs and other bioactive agents into the skin or other tissues. It is a non-invasive drug delivery method which involves electromigration and electroosmosis in addition to diffusion and is shown to be a viable alternative to conventional administration routs such as oral, hypodermic and intravenous injection. In this study we investigated, experimentally and numerically, in vitro drug delivery of dexamethasone sodium phosphate to porcine skin. Different current densities, delivery durations and drug loads were investigated experimentally and introduced as boundary conditions for numerical simulations. Nernst–Planck equation was used for calculation of active substance flux through equivalent model of homogeneous hydrogel and skin layers. The obtained numerical results were in good agreement with experimental observations. A comprehensive in-silico platform, which includes appropriate numerical tools for fitting, could contribute to iontophoretic drug-delivery devices design and correct dosage and drug clearance profiles as well as to perform much faster in-silico experiments to better determine parameters and performance criteria of iontophoretic drug delivery.Item Heat transfer through anchoring elements in a rear-ventilated rainscreen insulation system for façade retrofit(University of Cantabria - Building Technology R&D Group, 2018) Arregi Goikolea, Beñat; Garay Martinez, Roberto; Riverola Lacasta, Alberto; Chemisana Villegas, Daniel; Villegas, Luis; Lombillo, Ignacio; Blanco, Haydee; Boffill, Yosbel; Villegas, Luis; Lombillo, Ignacio; Blanco, Haydee; Boffill, Yosbel; EDIFICACIÓN DE ENERGÍA POSITIVA; Tecnalia Research & InnovationRear-ventilated rainscreen façade insulation systems are becoming a popular retrofit solution in Southern European climates, due to their good thermal performance in both winter and summer conditions. In these assemblies, the substructure of the new cladding is anchored to the original building, thus puncturing the thermal insulation. This study assesses the impact of such thermal bridges on the overall thermal performance of the external wall. The renovation of a conventional Spanish wall construction with a ventilated façade is used as a case study, featuring an anchoring system with L-shaped aluminium brackets. Two scenarios have been assessed: in the first one these brackets are fixed onto both the reinforced concrete slabs and the existing brickwork of the building, while in the second one they are anchored solely to the structural slabs. Simplified one-dimensional calculations are compared with two-and three-dimensional numerical models. Results indicate that anchoring elements can account for a substantial increase in heat flow. If the additional heat transfer through the anchoring elements is not taken into account, the energy savings delivered by the renovation could be considerably lower than expected by calculations, resulting in an increase of energy consumption over predicted values.