Browsing by Keyword "Electrotactile stimulation"
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Item A compact system for simultaneous stimulation and recording for closed-loop myoelectric control(2021-12) Garenfeld, Martin A.; Jorgovanovic, Nikola; Ilic, Vojin; Strbac, Matija; Isakovic, Milica; Dideriksen, Jakob L.; Dosen, Strahinja; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; SGBackground.Despite important advancements in control and mechatronics of myoelectric prostheses, the communication between the user and his/her bionic limb is still unidirectional, as these systems do not provide somatosensory feedback. Electrotactile stimulation is an attractive technology to close the control loop since it allows flexible modulation of multiple parameters and compact interface design via multi-pad electrodes. However, the stimulation interferes with the recording of myoelectric signals and this can be detrimental to control.Item Design of multi-pad electrotactile system envisioned as a feedback channel for supernumerary robotic limbs(2022-10) Boljanić, Tanja; Isaković, Milica; Malešević, Jovana; Formica, Domenico; Di Pino, Giovanni; Keller, Thierry; Štrbac, Matija; SG; Tecnalia Research & InnovationBackground: Providing real-time haptic feedback is an important, but still not sufficiently explored aspect of the use of supernumerary robotic limbs (SRLs). We present a multi-pad electrode for conveying multi-modal proprioceptive and sensory information from SRL to the user's thigh and propose a method for stimuli calibration. Methods: Within two pilot tests, we investigated return electrode configuration and active electrode discrimination in three healthy subjects to select the appropriate electrode pad topology. Based on the obtained results and anthropometric data from the literature, the electrode was designed to have three branches of 10 pads and two additional pads that can be displaced over/under the electrode branches. The electrode was designed to be connected to the stimulator that allows full multiplexing so that specific branches can serve as a common return electrode. To define the procedure for application of this system, the sensation, localization, and discomfort thresholds applicable for the novel electrode were determined and analyzed in 10 subjects. Results: The results showed no overlaps between the three thresholds for individual pads, with significantly different average values, suggesting that the selected electrode positioning and design provide a good active range of useful current amplitude. The results of the subsequent analysis suggested that the stimuli intensity level of 200% of the sensation threshold is the most probable value of the localization threshold. Furthermore, this level ensures a low chance (i.e., 0.7%) of reaching the discomfort. Conclusions: We believe that envisioned electrotactile system could serve as a high bandwidth feedback channel that can be easily set up to provide proprioceptive and sensory feedback from supernumerary limbs.Item Electrotactile Stimulation, A New Feedback Channel for First Responders(Springer, 2021-07-04) Štrbac, Matija; Isaković, Milica; Malešević, Jovana; Marković, Gorana; Došen, Strahinja; Jorgovanović, Nikola; Bijelić, Goran; Kostić, Milos; Ayaz, Hasan; Asgher, Umer; Paletta, Lucas; SG; MercadoThis paper presents the early results of research aiming to develop a novel system for unobtrusive and intuitive electrotactile feedback for first responders. The system leverages the multi-pad stimulation technology based on spatiotemporal modulation of the stimuli. Two-point discrimination threshold mapping was performed in potential electrode placement locations, defined from the usability perspective by the first responders in initial co-development sessions. Based on these results a custom electrode design was proposed and validated in six healthy volunteers. Psychometric testing was conducted to determine spatial discrimination between stimuli produced by the multi-pad electrode. The average success rate of 80% indicates that the proposed approach is feasible.