Browsing by Keyword "Cultural heritage"
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Item ADAPTATION TO FLOODING EVENTS THROUGH VULNERABILITY MAPPING IN HISTORIC URBAN AREAS(2018-03-06) Gandini, Alessandra; Prieto, Iñaki; Garmendia, Leire; San-José, José Tomás; Egusquiza, Aitziber; LABORATORIO DE TRANSFORMACIÓN URBANA; Tecnalia Research & InnovationHistoric urban areas are complex and inter-reliant systems, vulnerable to natural hazards. Over the recent years, the increase frequency in extreme precipitation events and sea-level rise, have impacted on a large number of historic areas, growing concern over disaster mitigation related to climate change. Most of the changes in the climatological indicators may have adverse impacts on historic areas, leading to physical, social and cultural consequences and should be included in urban planning practice. The importance of addressing cultural heritage in disaster risk has also been included in The Sendai Framework, considering the dimensions of vulnerability, adaptive capacity and exposure through systematic evaluation. Urban planning decisions involve an understanding of complex interactions between different aspects of the city, in its constructive, social, economic, environmental and cultural system. The analysis of these interactions requires a systemic approach as the components operate on different spatial and temporal scales and generate a large amount of data. This information can be used to determine the vulnerability of historic areas by assessing it at the building level, through the creation of typologies representing the building stock, often characterized by similarities and common constructive elements. The comprehension of the information can be supported and homogenized by a multi-scale urban model, to facilitate the understanding of interactions and the link among the different disciplines involved. This paper describes the methodology proposed for vulnerability mapping in historic urban areas, by using a categorization method supported by an information strategy and a multiscale urban model.Item Development of a biocidal treatment regime to inhibit biological growths on cultural heritage: BIODAM(2008-12) Young, M. E.; Alakomi, H. L.; Fortune, I.; Gorbushina, A. A.; Krumbein, W. E.; Maxwell, I.; McCullagh, C.; Robertson, P.; Saarela, M.; Valero, J.; Vendrell, M.; Dirección GeneralExisting chemical treatments to prevent biological damage to monuments often involve considerable amounts of potentially dangerous and even poisonous biocides. The scientific approach described in this paper aims at a drastic reduction in the concentration of biocide applications by a polyphasic approach of biocides combined with cell permeabilisers, polysaccharide and pigment inhibitors and a photodynamic treatment. A variety of potential agents were screened to determine the most effective combination. Promising compounds were tested under laboratory conditions with cultures of rock deteriorating bacteria, algae, cyanobacteria and fungi. A subsequent field trial involved two sandstone types with natural biofilms. These were treated with multiple combinations of chemicals and exposed to three different climatic conditions. Although treatments proved successful in the laboratory, field trials were inconclusive and further testing will be required to determine the most effective treatment regime. While the most effective combination of chemicals and their application methodology is still being optimised, results to date indicate that this is a promising and effective treatment for the control of a wide variety of potentially damaging organisms colonising stone substrates.Item A novel approach for tourism and education through virtual Vitoria-Gasteiz in the 16th century(2012) Perez-Valle, Ainhoa; Sagasti, Diego; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; VISUALThis paper introduces new approaches to the educational and tourism domains of Vitoria-Gasteiz in the 16th century. Both spheres present considerable technology breakthroughs to be used in cultural heritage conservation and preservation, as well as to engage the population in cultural knowledge through serious games. The material presented in this paper concerns the transmission of cultural heritage applied mainly to the two areas mentioned above. The game is based on a virtual model of Vitoria-Gasteiz's (Spain) Old Quarter in the 16th century. The virtual reconstruction has been divided in two phases. The first reconstruction stage is focused on the more significant buildings of that époque, while the second is focused on a procedural software that was used for the automatic re-creation of the majority of the buildings. These paper analyzies previous studies on motivation and the value serious games have to offer for education and tourism. In relation to tourism, Virtual Reality's utility as a preservation tool derives from its potential to educate and create experiences. This allows visitors to Vitoria-Gasteiz to complement their visit and experience in a virtual way through participation in a game - 'in situ' on the streets of the city.Item Quality of rural life and culture: Managing change through the identification of good practice, pilot implementation projects and evaluation(2014) Eppich, Rand; Kulmer, Alexandra; Espada, Juan Carlos; Vodopivec, Barbara; Žarnić, Roko; Tecnalia Research & InnovationImproving the quality of life in remote communities is directly related to the survival and enhancement of their culture, built heritage and landscapes. Conservation of these places creates a spirit of home while interlinking generations including diaspora to connect them to their past to reinforce a sense of belonging. But these unique places and their values are extremely fragile thus must be identified, recorded (digitally) and vigorously protected. Successful rural development aids in this protection and is a process that aims to improve the quality of life though helping people set their own priorities through effective and inclusive involvement, improving local capacity, social services as well as culture. However, rural development that does not address culture, the built environment or landscape risks damaging the community, its values and sustainability.Item A resources ecosystem for digital and heritage-led holistic knowledge in rural regeneration(2022-09-01) Tamborrino, Rosa; Patti, Edoardo; Aliberti, Alessandro; Dinler, Mesut; Orlando, Matteo; de Luca, Claudia; Tondelli, Simona; Barrientos, Francisco; Martin, John; Cunha, Luís F.M.; Stam, Andries; Nales, Aad; Egusquiza, Aitziber; Amirzada, Zahra; Pavlova, Irina; LABORATORIO DE TRANSFORMACIÓN URBANAThis paper presents a digital resources ecosystem prototype of integrated tools and resources to support heritage-led regeneration of rural regions, thanks to a deeper understanding of the complexity of cultural natural landscapes throughout their historical and current development. The ecosystem is conceived as a distributed software platform establishing data ecosystem and open standards for the management of information, aimed at providing different services and applications to address the needs of the various end-users identified. The platform has been conceived and realised in the framework of a Horizon 2020 research project, with a view to building a set of holistic knowledge about rural regions and their cultural and natural heritage and making it available for long-lasting heritage-led territorial processes of change. It is the product of a multidisciplinary collaboration amongst heritage, digital humanities and ICTs experts, and combines data and methodologies from a range of approaches to humanities together with the customisation of effective digital tools. It has been designed for deployment also in cloud systems compliant with the Infrastructure-as-a-Service paradigm. All data is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR data). It hosts and integrates different tools, making the data gathered with/for local stakeholders usable and making the same data re-usable within the tools’ functions, generating integrated heritage knowledge. It comprises data on 19 rural pilot territories, where the tools and their integration have been developed and tested, while 62 more are partially included as additional territories which participate in certain activities within the project. The main testers for this platform and its functions are the local stakeholders of these territories. The paper describes and analyses the platform and its impact, discussing the integration of tools as an innovative approach that goes beyond the use of individual tools in shaping a multidimensional vision. It also offers an analysis of the potential of an integrated digital ecosystem in evidence-based and place-based regeneration strategies. Some reflections for developments and cooperation during the pandemic are also presented.Item Towards sustainable historic cities: Adaptation to climate change risks(2017-03) Gandini, Alessandra; Garmendia, Leire; San Mateos, Rosa; LABORATORIO DE TRANSFORMACIÓN URBANA; E&I SEGURAS Y RESILIENTESDuring last decades, the international community has become aware of the need to adapt to the effects of climate change, as the sensitivity of natural and human systems gained relevance. Europe is one of the most urbanized regions, accounting for a 73% of people living in urban areas. This share, together with the increase of urban land take, has concentrated the fight against climate change in cities, which are considered as one of the most vulnerable areas. European cities are characterised by a wide range of cultural heritage, which is commonly located in what is defined as the historic city. In order to protect urban heritage from a changing environment, emphasis should be given to the integration of conservation management and urban planning strategies, within wider goals of local sustainable development. Historic cities have a great potential in contributing to local economy and enhancing investment climate. Modern conservation strategies need to address a balance between urban growth and quality of life in a sustainable way. They should match the interrelationships of existing building stock, spatial organization, natural characteristics and social, cultural and economic values. Furthermore, the need to address a new generation of strategies, adapted to new climatic scenarios, should be considered as a priority for an effective management of the whole city. The proposed paper presents research results of the ADVICE project, based on a multiscale approach for the management of climate change impacts on cultural heritage located in the urban context. Vulnerability is addressed for different types of heritage, both at urban or building scale, considering their singularities as well as the context in which they are included. This will permit addressing the overall urban scale, together with data at structure level. Adaptive measures in general can be of a preventive character and improve resilience yet they can also offer preparative support when dealing with the anticipated effects of climate change and extreme events. In order to be effective, they need to be addressed according to the typology of object to be protected and to the scale of the impact or disaster they are facing. Vulnerability mapping is one of the first steps in clarifying the challenges which climate change pose for a city and its stakeholders. Assessment of climate change impacts and vulnerability vary widely, depending on the subject, time frame, geographic coverage and purpose of the assessment. KPIs are therefore needed to address the overall as well as the specific vulnerability and exposure for risk scoring, in order to propose effective adaptive measures. Information is supported by a data model for the creation of an evidence-based decision making platform, which will contribute to a more educated and data-driven decision making process. This will permit eliminating one of the barriers to the effective implementation of climate change adaptation strategies by cultural heritage managers and public authorities.