Browsing by Keyword "Control systems"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Cascaded- and Modular-Multilevel Converter Laboratory Test System Options: A Review: A Review(2021-03) Heath, Theodor; Barnes, Mike; Judge, Paul D.; Chaffey, Geraint; Clemow, Phil; Green, Tim C.; Green, Peter R.; Wylie, James; Konstantinou, Georgios; Ceballos, Salvador; Pou, Josep; Belhaouane, Mohamed Moez; Zhang, Haibo; Guillaud, Xavier; Andrews, Jack; POWER ELECTRONICS AND SYSTEM EQUIPMENTThe increasing importance of cascaded multilevel converters (CMCs), and the sub-category of modular multilevel converters (MMCs), is illustrated by their wide use in high voltage DC connections and in static compensators. Research is being undertaken into the use of these complex pieces of hardware and software for a variety of grid support services, on top of fundamental frequency power injection, requiring improved control for non-traditional duties. To validate these results, small-scale laboratory hardware prototypes are often required. Such systems have been built by many research teams around the globe and are also increasingly commercially available. Few publications go into detail on the construction options for prototype CMCs, and there is a lack of information on both design considerations and lessons learned from the build process, which will hinder research and the best application of these important units. This paper reviews options, gives key examples from leading research teams, and summarizes knowledge gained in the development of test rigs to clarify design considerations when constructing laboratory-scale CMCs.Item A Review of Shared Control for Automated Vehicles: Theory and Applications(2020-12) Marcano, Mauricio; Diaz, Sergio; Perez, Joshue; Irigoyen, Eloy; CCAMThe last decade has shown an increasing interest on advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) based on shared control, where automation is continuously supporting the driver at the control level with an adaptive authority. A first look at the literature offers two main research directions: 1) an ongoing effort to advance the theoretical comprehension of shared control, and 2) a diversity of automotive system applications with an increasing number of works in recent years. Yet, a global synthesis on these efforts is not available. To this end, this article covers the complete field of shared control in automated vehicles with an emphasis on these aspects: 1) concept, 2) categories, 3) algorithms, and 4) status of technology. Articles from the literature are classified in theory- and application-oriented contributions. From these, a clear distinction is found between coupled and uncoupled shared control. Also, model-based and model-free algorithms from these two categories are evaluated separately with a focus on systems using the steering wheel as the control interface. Model-based controllers tested by at least one real driver are tabulated to evaluate the performance of such systems. Results show that the inclusion of a driver model helps to reduce the conflicts at the steering. Also, variables such as driver state, driver effort, and safety indicators have a high impact on the calculation of the authority. Concerning the evaluation, driver-in-the-loop simulators are the most common platforms, with few works performed in real vehicles. Implementation in experimental vehicles is expected in the upcoming years.