Browsing by Keyword "Control"
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Item Controlling phlebotomine sand flies to prevent canine Leishmania infantum infection: A case of knowing your enemy: A case of knowing your enemy(2018-12) Gálvez, R.; Montoya, A.; Fontal, F.; Martínez De Murguía, L.; Miró, G.; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; DF_BioeficaciaLeishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum is a widespread zoonotic disease that can be transmitted to animals and humans by their vectors, blood-sucking phlebotomine sand flies. To prevent canine leishmaniosis across the whole Mediterranean region, vector control is essential. Because of phlebotomine breeding sites are diverse, environmental larval controls have limited practical value. Control methods of adults are being evaluated, such as selective baits based on sugar feeding of males and females or Attractive Toxic Sugar Baits (ATSB), and the indoor use of Long-Lasting-Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) treated with permethrin to prevent sand fly bites complementing the Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) approach suggested by WHO. Although several strategies exist, the best control measure to prevent canine Leishmania infantum is to treat dogs using biocidal topical formulations based on legal insecticides (PTs18) or repellents (PTs19) (as collars, spot-ons and/or sprays) during the period when the vectors are active. This means we need to really know the biology and life cycle of the sand fly vector. According to available data, by mapping ambient temperatures we can already predict high risk areas where vector densities will be higher. In ongoing research, new candidates are emerging to fight against sand flies including natural plant extracts with low impacts on the environment and host animal. Other options in the future could be systemic insecticides to help reduce sand fly populations in high density areas. In parallel, health authorities and professionals involved in animal and public health (veterinarians, physicians, entomologists and epidemiologists) must work together in a One Health approach to minimize Leishmania infection. Veterinarians play a crucial role in liaising between key stake holders and dog owners to ensure the latter act responsibly in using repellents as a preventive measure against sand fly bites.Item DECKUBIK: An unique open building experimental facility aimed to test ict based Ambient Assisted Living products(Association for Computing Machinery, 2014-09-10) Arakistain, Ivan; Albizu, Josu; Castelruiz, Amaia; DIGITALIZACIÓN Y AUTOMATIZACIÓN DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN; Tecnalia Research & InnovationDECKUBIK is a unique facility for R&D aimed at developing new concepts, products and services for the aging market. This new facility has been installed on the ground floor of the experimental building KUBIK, located in Derio, Vizcaya (Spain). DECKUBIK simulates a dwelling, with two bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen and a bathroom. The spaces are equipped with the necessary infrastructure and are prepared to place new products, interfaces, sensor systems, services and technologies that need to be tested and validated by Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) users. This paper will focus in two of the technologies that we brought into practice which can enhance user experience at AAL infrastructure. Interactive furniture with capacitance based sensing which can provide new non-intrusive functionalities, and self-powered control systems.Item Demonstration of Converter Control Interactions in MMC-HVDC Systems(2022-01-06) Chen, Jinlei; Wang, Sheng; Ugalde-Loo, Carlos E.; Ming, Wenlong; Adeuyi, Oluwole D.; D’Arco, Salvatore; Ceballos, Salvador; Parker, Max; Finney, Stephen; Pitto, Andrea; Cirio, Diego; Azpiri, Iñigo; POWER ELECTRONICS AND SYSTEM EQUIPMENTAlthough the control of modular multi-level converters (MMCs) in high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) networks has become a mature subject these days, the potential for adverse interactions between different converter controls remains an under-researched challenge attracting the attention from both academia and industry. Even for point-to-point HVDC links (i.e., simple HVDC systems), converter control interactions may result in the shifting of system operating voltages, increased power losses, and unintended power imbalances at converter stations. To bridge this research gap, the risk of multiple cross-over of control characteristics of MMCs is assessed in this paper through mathematical analysis, computational simulation, and experimental validation. Specifically, the following point-to-point HVDC link configurations are examined: (1) one MMC station equipped with a current versus voltage droop control and the other station equipped with a constant power control; and (2) one MMC station equipped with a power versus voltage droop control and the other station equipped with a constant current control. Design guidelines for droop coefficients are provided to prevent adverse control interactions. A 60-kW MMC test-rig is used to experimentally verify the impact of multiple crossing of control characteristics of the DC system configurations, with results verified through software simulation in MATLAB/Simulink using an open access toolbox. Results show that in operating conditions of 650 V and 50 A (DC voltage and DC current), drifts of 7.7% in the DC voltage and of 10% in the DC current occur due to adverse control interactions under the current versus voltage droop and power control scheme. Similarly, drifts of 7.7% both in the DC voltage and power occur under the power versus voltage droop and current control scheme.Item An Iterative Refining Approach to Design the Control of Wave Energy Converters with Numerical Modeling and Scaled HIL Testing(2020-05) Delmonte, Nicola; Robles, Eider; Cova, Paolo; Giuliani, Francesco; Faÿ, François Xavier; Lopez, Joseba; Ruol, Piero; Martinelli, Luca; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; RENOVABLES OFFSHORE; RENOVABLES EFICIENCIA ENERGETICA Y CIRCULARIDADThe aim of this work is to show that a significant increase of the e_ciency of aWave Energy Converter (WEC) can be achieved already at an early design stage, through the choice of a turbine and control regulation, by means of an accurate Wave-to-Wire (W2W) modeling that couples the hydrodynamic response calibrated in a wave flume to a Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) test bench with sizes and rates not matching those of the system under development. Information on this procedure is relevant to save time, because the acquisition, the installation, and the setup of a test rig are not quick and easy. Moreover, power electronics and electric machines to emulate turbines and electric generators matching the real systems are not low-cost equipment. The use of HIL is important in the development of WECs also because it allows the carrying out of tests in a controlled environment, and this is again time- and money-saving if compared to tests done on a real system installed at the sea. Furthermore, W2W modeling can be applied to several Power Take-O_ (PTO) configurations to experiment di_erent control strategies. The method here proposed, concerning a specific HIL for testing power electronics and control laws for a specific WECs, may have a more general validity.Item A Solar Dually PVT Driven Direct Expansion Heat Pump One-Year Field Operation Results at Continental Climate(2022-04-27) Sanz, Asier; Martín, Antonio J.; Pereda, Ainhoa; Román, Eduardo; Ibañez, Pedro; Fuente, Raquel; SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOSThe high energy-consuming building sector needs to meet both electricity and heat demands. In a nearly zero energy building scenario, most of the consumed energy would be generated locally by means of renewable solutions that nowadays seem not to provide an attractive performance or cost-competitiveness. Solar-based technologies tend to be the most promising ones, but for high densely populated areas, the usual photovoltaic or thermal single approaches may not be efficient enough. The current work is focused on the analysis of the dual use of the solar resource by means of hybrid PVT collectors and their smart combination with direct expansion heat pumps through predictive control strategies. To that end, a system was developed, installed in a real-use single-family house at a continental climate for domestic hot water application, operated and monitored for one entire year. The average day indicator results show 83% renewable energy share, 220% self-sufficiency ratio, 41% heat pump self-consumption and 46% of the solar fraction.Item Thread Quality Control in High-Speed Tapping Cycles(2020-02) Gil Del Val, Alain; Veiga, Fernando; Suárez, Alfredo; Arizmendi, Mikel; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; FABRIC_INTELThread quality control is becoming a widespread necessity in manufacturing to guarantee the geometry of the resulting screws on the workpiece due to the high industrial costs. Besides, the industrial inspection is manual provoking high rates of manufacturing delays. Therefore, the aim of this paper consists of developing a statistical quality control approach acquiring the data (torque signal) coming from the spindle drive for assessing thread quality using different coatings. The system shows a red light when the tap wear is critical before machining in unacceptable screw threads. Therefore, the application could reduce these high industrial costs because it can work self-governance.