Browsing by Keyword "Clinical Biochemistry"
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Item Development and validation of a bioanalytical method for the simultaneous determination of heroin, its main metabolites, naloxone and naltrexone by LC-MS/MS in human plasma samples: Application to a clinical trial of oral administration of a heroin/naloxone formulation(2015-10-01) Moreno-Vicente, Raquel; Fernández-Nieva, Zuriñe; Navarro, Arantza; Gascón-Crespí, Irene; Farré-Albaladejo, Magí; Igartua, Manuela; Hernández, Rosa María; Pedraz, José Luis; Desarrollo FarmaceuticoA bioanalytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of heroin, its main metabolites and naloxone. In addition, naltrexone was detected qualitatively. This method was used to analyse human plasma samples from a clinical trial after oral administration of a heroin/naloxone formulation in healthy volunteers. O-methylcodeine was used as an internal standard. Samples were kept in an ice-bath during their processing to minimize the degradation of heroin. A short methodology based on protein precipitation with methanol was used for sample preparation. After protein precipitation, only the addition of a formic acid solution was needed to elute heroin, 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, naloxone and naltrexone. Morphine metabolites were evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in a formic acid solution. Chromatographic separation was achieved at 35. °C on an X-Bridge Phenyl column (150. ×. 4.6. mm, 5. μm) using a gradient elution with a mobile phase of ammonium formate buffer at pH 3.0 and formic acid in acetonitrile. The run time was 8. min. The analytes were monitored using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The method was found to be linear in a concentration range of 10-2000. ng/mL for M3G and 10-1000. ng/mL for the rest of compounds. Quality controls showed accurate values between -3.6% and 4.0% and intra- and inter-day precisions were below 11.5% for all analytes. The overall recoveries were approximately 100% for all analytes including the internal standard. A rapid, specific, precise and simple method was developed for the determination of heroin, its metabolites, naloxone and naltrexone in human plasma. This method was successfully applied to a clinical trial in 12 healthy volunteers.Item Is cardiorespiratory fitness independently associated with the biochemical profile in overweight/obese adults with primary hypertension? The EXERDIET-HTA study(2018-11-17) Corres, Pablo; Maldonado-Martín, Sara; Gorostegi-Anduaga, Ilargi; Fryer, Simon M.; Jurio-Iriarte, Borja; MartínezAguirre-Betolaza, Aitor; Arratibel-Imaz, Iñaki; Francisco-Terreros, Silvia; Pérez-Asenjo, Javier; Tecnalia Research & InnovationCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is positively associated with enhanced cardiovascular health. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine associations between CRF and the biochemical profile of overweight/obese adults diagnosed with primary hypertension (HTN). Does cardiorespiratory fitness (exposure) positively affect the biochemical profile (outcome) in overweight/obese individuals suffering from HTN? Assessment with anthropometric, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24 h), CRF (peak oxygen uptake, V̇O 2peak ) and biochemical analysis was performed on 214 participants (138 men, 76 women). A series of linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Participants were divided into CRF tertiles (classified as low, moderate and high CRF). The CRF was independently and inversely associated with aspartate aminotransferase (AST; β = −0.328, p <.05) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT; β = −0.376, p <.01) concentrations. C-reactive protein, AST/ALT ratio, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), were all associated, but not independently, with CRF in linear and/or unadjusted logistic regression models. However, independently, logistic regression revealed that glucose was associated with the moderate CRF group. Findings suggest that a lower CRF is associated with an unhealthy biochemical profile in non-physically active and overweight/obese individuals with HTN. As such, this population should look to increase physical activity in order to improve their CRF and biochemical profile.Item Role of baseline leptin and ghrelin levels on body weight and fat mass changes after an energy-restricted diet intervention in obese women: Effects on energy metabolism(2011-06) Labayen, Idoia; Ortega, Francisco B.; Ruiz, Jonatan R.; Lasa, Arrate; Simón, Edurne; Margareto, Javier; GenéticaContext: Hormones related to energy balance control may play an important role on weight loss resistance after low-caloric diet (LCD) intervention. Objective: To investigate the predictive value of baseline leptin and ghrelin on body fat mass (FM) loss after 12 wk of LCD intervention and to study whether these associations could be related to changes in resting metabolic rate (RMR). Design: The study comprised a total of 78 obese women (age 36.7 ± 7 yr). We measured, before and after the LCD intervention, FM (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and RMR (kilojoules per kilogram body weight per day, indirect calorimetry). We also analyzed fasting serum leptin and ghrelin, and leptin to ghrelin ratio was calculated. Main Outcome Measures: FM and RMR changes (data at baseline - data after the intervention) were assessed. Results: Baseline serum leptin (r = -0.301; age- and baseline FM-adjusted P = 0.009) and ghrelin (r = 0.314, adjusted P = 0.014) levels as well as leptin to ghrelin levels (r = -0.331; adjusted P = 0.009) were significantly correlated with FM changes. Leptin to ghrelin ratio was significantly correlated with RMR at baseline and after the LCD (both P < 0.010). Baseline leptin to ghrelin ratio significantly predicted changes in RMR after the LCD (r = 0.298; P = 0.019) regardless of age, baseline RMR, and total body weight (r = 0.307; P = 0.016) or FM loss (r = 0.312; P = 0.015). Conclusions: Obese women with higher leptin and lower ghrelin levels at baseline seem to be more resistant to FM loss. The leptin to ghrelin ratio could be proposed as a biomarker for predicting metabolic adaptations to energy restriction treatment and, if confirmed in future studies, as a predictor of treatment success/failure.Item Role of baseline leptin and ghrelin levels on body weight and fat mass changes after an energy-restricted diet intervention in obese women: Effects on energy metabolism (Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (2011) 96, (E996-E1000))(2012-04) Labayen, Idoia; Ortega, Francisco B.; Ruiz, Jonatan R.; Lasa, Arrate; Simón, Edurne; Margareto, Javier; Genética