Browsing by Author "Villarán, Ma Carmen"
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Item Films of chitosan and chitosan-oligosaccharide neutralized and thermally treated: Effects on its antibacterial and other activities: Effects on its antibacterial and other activities(2016-11-01) Fernández-de-Castro, Laura; Mengíbar, Marian; Sánchez, Ángela; Arroyo, Leire; Villarán, Mª Carmen; Diaz De Apodaca, E.; Heras, Ángeles; Villarán, Ma Carmen; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; Alimentación SostenibleThe present study focuses on the effects of heat and neutralization treatments on solubility, water vapour permeability and antimicrobial activity of chitosan (Ch) and chitosan/chitooligosaccharide (ChO)-based films. ChO films showed stronger antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia liquefaciens and Lactobacillus plantarum than Ch films, indicating that this effect is attributed to the presence of chitooligosaccharides (COS) in the films. Heat and neutralization treatments decreased significantly the solubility of chitosan films and gave rise to a sharp loss in their antimicrobial activity. The incorporation of COS in chitosan films increased the inhibitory effect against the studied microorganisms without affecting significantly the water vapour permeability of the films. Thus, it is possible to get a more insoluble chitosan film with high antimicrobial activity by means of incorporation of COS combined with heat or neutralization treatments.Item Ochratoxin A in Spanish exportation wine market(2012-06) Quintela, Silvia; Villarán, Ma Carmen; López de Armentia, Iratxe; Elejalde, Edurne; Alimentación SostenibleThe Rioja Qualified Designation of Origin (DOCa Rioja) is leader of the Spanish market of quality wines, with nearly the 40% of the total sales of Spanish wines. It has a great international prestige and it exports about 30% of its production, mainly to Germany, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. A study on ochratoxin A (OTA) occurrence in DOCa Rioja exportation wine market was carried out. Wines from Australia, France, Italy and Spain were analyzed. An analytical method based on immunoaffinity column clean-up and high-performance liquid-chromatography with fluorimetric detection (detection limit 0.002μg/l) was used to determine the occurrence of OTA in wines. The mean OTA concentration of the analyzed wines was 0.077μg/l and its contribution to the latest mean weekly OTA intake established and published by European Food Safety Authority in 2006 could be considered negligible. The highest OTA presence and concentration in wines from the southern wine-growing European regions was observed. The OTA occurrence found in the wines analyzed in this survey, was significantly higher than the one obtained in DOCa Rioja wines in a previous survey carried out by our team.