Browsing by Author "Roji, Eduardo"
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Item Development of a tool for tecnical damage and risk assessment in construction(2020) Garmendia, Leire; Marcos, Ignacio; Roji, Eduardo; Gandini, Alessandra; Losada, Ramon; Herrera, Jose; Atares, Fernando; Tecnalia Research & InnovationThe Spanish building construction and rehabilitation sector is regulated by the Law on Building Ordinance (Ley de Ordenación de la Edificación –LOE-) and the Building Technical Code (Código Técnico de la Edificación -CTE-). The former was enacted to protect users interests and it establishes the obligations of the agents that participate in the building process so that their responsibilities and guaranties are specified. The latter, translates the basic requirements of the LOE into technical objectives, defining the requirements to be fulfilled by buildings. With the entry into force of the LOE, the ten-year warranty is the only one that has been materialized through the hiring of a ten-year insurance. Since 2016, various meetings have taken place among the different agents involved in the construction sector, the Ministry of Development (Area of architecture, housing and soil), and representatives of political parties from the parliament, in order to study the opportunity of the compulsory subscription of three-year guarantees. Nevertheless, it still has not had a specific answer from insurers mainly due to the lack of definition of the extension of “damage” and uncertainty in the quantification of the risk. This paper presents the development of a tool that will allow to assess technical damages along the building process and manage technical risks by the implementation of a sustainable and continuous improvement to ensure adequate response (technically and economically) of the building agents to end users, in line with the guarantees required by law. The methodology identifies existing constructive typologies for every building components and their common pathologies, establishing their origin and the corresponding law compliance breaches. Then, an objective criterion to identify, assess and manage existing risk is presented.Item Do we know how urban heritage is being endangered by climate change? A systematic and critical review(2021-11) Quesada-Ganuza, Laura; Garmendia, Leire; Roji, Eduardo; Gandini, Alessandra; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; LABORATORIO DE TRANSFORMACIÓN URBANAIt is worldwide accepted that climate change is affecting cities and that the conservation of the cultural heritage contributes to sustainable development. However, despite the high level of interest and research in climate-change risks on socioeconomic, urban and natural systems, studies that assess climate change impacts on urban cultural heritage and contribute to a holistic understanding on the subject present noticeable gaps in knowledge. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to assess the state-of- the-art of cultural heritage risk assessment methodologies within urban systems in the context of climate change, specifically historic urban areas. For this purpose, a systematic search was applied using Web of Science and Scopus. The search identified and characterized existing methodologies on vulnerability and risk assessment for cultural heritage in a changing climate following the PRISMA protocol, and it synthesized knowledge gaps to be addressed in the near future. This study aims to bring risk assessment methodologies closer to urban planners for more efficient climate change adaptation policies. The research concluded that there is an unbalance between the amount of methodologies for the different climate change derived hazards and their impacts on historic urban areas. The amount of methodologies focused on flooding highlights that further research is needed for other relevant hazards, like heat and cold waves, that contribute to a holistic perspective.