Browsing by Author "García-Llona, Aratz"
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Item Bending tests on building beams containing electric arc furnace slag and alternative binders and manufactured with energy-saving placement techniques(2021-08) Santamaría, Amaia; García-Llona, Aratz; Revilla-Cuesta, Víctor; Piñero, Ignacio; Ortega-López, Vanesa; E&I SEGURAS Y RESILIENTESThe environmental impact of the building sector is especially relevant during the construction phase. Both the materials and the construction methods that are currently in use must be reconsidered, in order to minimize the environmental impact of concrete-based structures. This research is therefore focused on achieving greener concrete-based building structures. In this context, the feasibility of careful use of materials for concrete manufacture and the use of construction techniques that can facilitate and reduce energy consumption during placement are both studied. To do so, twelve sample beams were prepared using eight different sustainable high-workability structural concretes. The aim was to maximize the use of the by-products that amounted to over 80% of the concrete mass, steelmaking slags, fly ash, and quarry waste, and to employ energy-saving concrete placement techniques. The beams underwent bending tests in which their mechanical behavior and their compliance with the specifications of the most relevant building codes were verified. The results pointed to the feasibility of increased sustainability in the field of building engineering through the suitable use of selected by-products and techniques.Item Fiber-reinforcement and its effects on the mechanical properties of high-workability concretes manufactured with slag as aggregate and binder(2021-11) Ortega-López, Vanesa; García-Llona, Aratz; Revilla-Cuesta, Víctor; Santamaría, Amaia; San-José, José T.; Tecnalia Research & InnovationThe feasibility of manufacturing fiber-reinforced concretes of high workability through additions of high volumes of electric arc furnace steel slag is evaluated in this paper, using sustainable binders with ground granulated blast furnace slag and ladle furnace slag as a supplementary cementitious material. An extensive experimental plan is developed to test four (self-compacting and pumpable) concrete mixtures, some reinforced with 0.5% vol. of (metallic or synthetic) fibers, in both the fresh and the hardened state. Very specific mechanical aspects are examined, such as the evaluation of both longitudinal and transversal stress-strain compressive behavior, and the assessment of direct tensile strength through the “dog-bone” test. The results of testing this sustainable concrete design yielded suitable mechanical strengths, and good toughness, ductility and impact strength, among other properties. Good adhesion between the fibers and the cementitious matrix was also evident from the fiber pull-out test results. Finally, the overall results confirmed that the use of electric arc furnace steel slag can make a real contribution to construction-sector sustainability and that the mechanical behavior of these novel concretes meets the basic design requirements for use in real structures.