Browsing by Author "Blanco-Fernandez, Elena"
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Item 3D numerical simulation of slope-flexible system interaction using a mixed FEM-SPH model(2021) Jimenez Fernandez, Jose Carlos; Castanon-Jano, Laura; Gaute Alonso, Alvaro; Blanco-Fernandez, Elena; Gonzalez Fernandez, Juan Carlos; Centeno Gonzalez, Victor; Castro-Fresno, Daniel; Garcia-Sanchez, David; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; E&I SEGURAS Y RESILIENTESFlexible membranes are light structures anchored to the ground that protect infrastructures or dwellings from rock or soil sliding. One alternative to design these structures is by using numerical simulations. However, very few models were found until date and most of them are in 2D and do not include all their components. This paper presents the development of a numerical model combining Finite Element Modelling (FEM) with Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) formulation. Both cylindrical and spherical failure of the slope were simulated. One reference geometry of the slope was designed and a total of 21 slip circles were calculated considering different soil parameters, phreatic level position and drainage solutions. Four case studies were extracted from these scenarios and simulated using different dimensions of the components of the system. As a validation model, an experimental test that imitates the soil detachment and its retention by the steel membrane was successfully reproduced.Item Life cycle assessment (LCA) and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) analysis to determine the performance of 3D printed cement mortars and geopolymers(2022-07-19) Yoris-Nobile, Adrian I.; Lizasoain-Arteaga, Esther; Slebi-Acevedo, Carlos J.; Blanco-Fernandez, Elena; Alonso-Cañon, Sara; Indacoechea-Vega, Irune; Castro-Fresno, Daniel; Tecnalia Research & Innovation; ECONOMÍA CIRCULARA comparison between low-clinker cement and geopolymer mortars for their application in 3 D printing is discussed in this paper. The mortars are composed of materials with low environmental impact, such as cements with low clinker content, by-products of the industry and recycled aggregates. The developed mortars were both mechanically and rheologically characterized. The environmental impact was studied by LCA. To select the most suitable dosages, MCDM analysis was applied based on cost of materials, printability and LCA. Compressive strength was considered as a normalizing parameter for both the LCA and cost. The mortars showed good printability and suitable mechanical strength, being higher in the cement mortars. The LCA showed that the geopolymer mortars have a higher environmental impact due to the use of sodium hydroxide. Likewise, MCDM revealed that low-clinker cement mortars are at the top of the ranking, due to a lower environmental impact and lower cost of materials.