Browsing by Author "Amorim, Tiago"
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Item Multidirectional modular conditional safety certificates(Springer Verlag, 2015) Amorim, Tiago; Ruiz, Alejandra; Dropmann, Christoph; Schneider, Daniel; van Gulijk, Coen; Koornneef, Floor; QuantumOver the last 20 years, embedded systems have evolved from closed, rather static single-application systems towards open, flexible, multi-application systems of systems. While this is a blessing from an application perspective, it certainly is a curse from a safety engineering perspective as it invalidates the base assumptions of established engineering methodologies. Due to the combinatorial complexity and the amount of uncertainty encountered in the analysis of such systems, we believe that more potent modular safety approaches coupled with adequate runtime checks are required. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of an integrated contract-based approach covering vertical dependencies (between platform and application) and horizontal dependencies (between applications) in order to efficiently assure the safety of the whole system of systems through modularization. We integrate both concepts using state-of-the-art research and showcase the application of the integrated approach based on a small industrial case study.Item Runtime safety assurance for adaptive cyber-physical systems: Conserts M and ontology-based runtime reconfiguration applied to an automotive case study(IGI Global, 2017-07-20) Amorim, Tiago; Ratasich, Denise; Macher, Georg; Ruiz, Alejandra; Schneider, Daniel; Driussi, Mario; Grosu, Radu; QuantumCyber-Physical Systems (CPS) provide their functionality by the interaction of various subsystems. CPS usually operate in uncertain environments and are often safety-critical. The constituent systems are developed by different stakeholders, who - in most cases - cannot fully know the composing parts at development time. Furthermore, a CPS may reconfigure itself during runtime, for instance in order to adapt to current needs or to handle failures. The information needed for safety assurance is only available at composition or reconfiguration time. To tackle this assurance issue, the authors propose a set of contracts to describe components' safety attributes. The contracts are used to verify the safety robustness of the parts and build a safety case at runtime. The approach is applied to a use case in the automotive domain to illustrate the concepts. In particular, the authors demonstrate safety assurance at upgrade and reconfiguration on the example of ontology-based runtime reconfiguration (ORR). ORR substitutes a failed service by exploiting the implicit redundancy of a system.