Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorOrbaek White, Alvin
dc.contributor.authorHedayati, Ali
dc.contributor.authorYick, Tim
dc.contributor.authorGangoli, Varun Shenoy
dc.contributor.authorNiu, Yubiao
dc.contributor.authorLethbridge, Sean
dc.contributor.authorTsampanakis, Ioannis
dc.contributor.authorSwan, Gemma
dc.contributor.authorPointeaux, Léo
dc.contributor.authorCrane, Abigail
dc.contributor.authorCharles, Rhys
dc.contributor.authorSallah-Conteh, Jainaba
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Andrew O.
dc.contributor.authorDavies, Matthew Lloyd
dc.contributor.authorCorr, Stuart. J.
dc.contributor.authorPalmer, Richard E.
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-21T10:15:16Z
dc.date.available2022-03-21T10:15:16Z
dc.date.issued2021-12-21
dc.identifier.citationOrbaek White, Alvin, Ali Hedayati, Tim Yick, Varun Shenoy Gangoli, Yubiao Niu, Sean Lethbridge, Ioannis Tsampanakis, et al. “On the Use of Carbon Cables from Plastic Solvent Combinations of Polystyrene and Toluene in Carbon Nanotube Synthesis.” Nanomaterials 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 9. doi:10.3390/nano12010009.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11556/1301
dc.description.abstractFor every three people on the planet, there are approximately two Tonnes (Te) of plastic waste. We show that carbon recovery from polystyrene (PS) plastic is enhanced by the coaddition of solvents to grow carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by liquid injection chemical vapour deposition. Polystyrene was loaded up to 4 wt% in toluene and heated to 780 °C in the presence of a ferrocene catalyst and a hydrogen/argon carrier gas at a 1:19 ratio. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Raman spectroscopy were used to identify multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The PS addition in the range from 0 to 4 wt% showed improved quality and CNT homogeneity; Raman “Graphitic/Defective” (G/D) values increased from 1.9 to 2.3; mean CNT diameters increased from 43.0 to 49.2 nm; and maximum CNT yield increased from 11.37% to 14.31%. Since both the CNT diameters and the percentage yield increased following the addition of polystyrene, we conclude that carbon from PS contributes to the carbon within the MWCNTs. The electrical contact resistance of acid-washed Bucky papers produced from each loading ranged from 2.2 to 4.4 Ohm, with no direct correlation to PS loading. Due to this narrow range, materials with different loadings were mixed to create the six wires of an Ethernet cable and tested using iPerf3; the cable achieved up- and down- link speeds of ~99.5 Mbps, i.e., comparable to Cu wire with the same dimensions (~99.5 Mbps). The lifecycle assessment (LCA) of CNT wire production was compared to copper wire production for a use case in a Boeing 747-400 over the lifespan of the aircraft. Due to their lightweight nature, the CNT wires decreased the CO2 footprint by 21 kTonnes (kTe) over the aircraft’s lifespan.en
dc.description.sponsorshipWe would like to thank Keysight Technologies for the use of a test model of the B2900A SMU. We would like to acknowledge the assistance provided by Swansea University College of Engineering AIM Facility. We would like to thank TRIMTABS Ltd. for purchasing equipment required for making ethernet cables. Thanks to Swansea Employability Academy (SEA) for the summer placements scheme. Thanks to the Swansea University Texas Strategic Partnership. R.E.P. acknowledges his work was associated with the IMPACT operation. We acknowledge pixabay for use of imagery in the graphical abstract (https://pixabay.com/vectors/airplane-boeing-747-transport-48 11157/ (accessed on 1 December 2021)).en
dc.language.isoengen
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)en
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.titleOn the Use of Carbon Cables from Plastic Solvent Combinations of Polystyrene and Toluene in Carbon Nanotube Synthesisen
dc.typejournal articleen
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nano12010009en
dc.rights.accessRightsopen accessen
dc.subject.keywordsCarbon nanotubeen
dc.subject.keywordsPlasticen
dc.subject.keywordsChemical recyclingen
dc.subject.keywordsLife cycle assessmenten
dc.subject.keywordsEtherneten
dc.subject.keywordsCircular economyen
dc.subject.keywordsData transmissionen
dc.subject.keywordsCarbon footprinten
dc.identifier.essn2079-4991en
dc.issue.number1en
dc.journal.titleNanomaterialsen
dc.page.initial9en
dc.volume.number12en


Files in this item

Thumbnail

    Show simple item record

    Attribution 4.0 InternationalExcept where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 4.0 International