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dc.contributor.authorGonzález-Rojí, Santos J.
dc.contributor.authorCarreno-Madinabeitia, Sheila
dc.contributor.authorSáenz, Jon
dc.contributor.authorIbarra-Berastegi, Gabriel
dc.date.accessioned2021-07-13T11:39:45Z
dc.date.available2021-07-13T11:39:45Z
dc.date.issued2021-06
dc.identifier.citationGonzález-Rojí, Santos J., Sheila Carreno-Madinabeitia, Jon Sáenz, and Gabriel Ibarra-Berastegi. “Changes in the Simulation of Atmospheric Instability over the Iberian Peninsula Due to the Use of 3DVAR Data Assimilation.” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 3471–3492. doi:10.5194/hess-25-3471-2021.en
dc.identifier.issn1027-5606en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11556/1168
dc.description.abstractThe ability of two downscaling experiments to correctly simulate thermodynamic conditions over the Iberian Peninsula (IP) is compared in this paper. To do so, three parameters used to evaluate the unstable conditions in the atmosphere are evaluated: the total totals index (TT), convective available potential energy (CAPE), and convective inhibition (CIN). The Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model is used for the simulations. The N experiment is driven by ERA-Interim's initial and boundary conditions. The D experiment has the same configuration as N, but the 3DVAR data assimilation step is additionally run at 00:00, 06:00, 12:00, and 18:00 UTC. Eight radiosondes are available over the IP, and the vertical temperature and moisture profiles from the radiosondes provided by the University of Wyoming and the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA) were used to calculate three parameters commonly used to represent atmospheric instability by our own methodology using the R package aiRthermo. According to the validation, the correlation, standard deviation (SD), and root mean squared error (RMSE) obtained by the D experiment for all the variables at most of the stations are better than those for N. The different methods produce small discrepancies between the values for TT, but these are larger for CAPE and CIN due to the dependency of these quantities on the initial conditions assumed for the calculation of a lifted air parcel. Similar results arise from the seasonal analysis concerning both WRF experiments: N tends to overestimate or underestimate (depending on the parameter) the variability of the reference values of the parameters, but D is able to capture it in most of the seasons. In general, D is able to produce more reliable results due to the more realistic values of dew point temperature and virtual temperature profiles over the IP. The heterogeneity of the studied variables is highlighted in the mean maps over the IP. According to those for D, the unstable air masses are found along the entire Atlantic coast during winter, but in summer they are located particularly over the Mediterranean coast. The convective inhibition is more extended towards inland at 00:00 UTC in those areas. However, high values are also observed near the southeastern corner of the IP (near Murcia) at 12:00 UTC. Finally, no linear relationship between TT, CAPE, or CIN was found, and consequently, CAPE and CIN should be preferred for the study of the instability of the atmosphere as more atmospheric layers are employed during their calculation than for the TT index.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThe computational resources were provided by I2BASQUE, and the authors thank the creators of WRF/ARW and WRFDA systems. Authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments, which have helped to improve the paper. Finally, most of the calculations were carried out with R (R Core Team, 2020), and the authors want to thank all the authors of the packages used for it.en
dc.language.isoengen
dc.publisherCopernicus GmbHen
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.titleChanges in the simulation of atmospheric instability over the Iberian Peninsula due to the use of 3DVAR data assimilationen
dc.typejournal articleen
dc.identifier.doi10.5194/hess-25-3471-2021en
dc.rights.accessRightsopen accessen
dc.subject.keywordsIberian Peninsulaen
dc.subject.keywordsThermodynamic conditionsen
dc.subject.keywordsMean square erroren
dc.subject.keywordsWeather forecastingen
dc.identifier.essn1607-7938en
dc.issue.number6en
dc.journal.titleHydrology and Earth System Sciencesen
dc.page.final3492en
dc.page.initial3471en
dc.volume.number25en


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